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Technical Articles

Java

javaTutorial

how to sort an arraylist in java

In Java, ArrayList sorting mainly uses the Collections.sort() or List.sort() methods. Use Collections.sort() is the most common method, suitable for comparable types such as Integer and String; use List.sort() to support it in Java 8, and can be used to implement custom sorting with Comparator, such as sorting by string length; when sorting custom objects (such as Person), you need to use Comparator to specify the sorting field, which supports chain calls. ThenComparing() adds multi-condition sorting, or you can use Comparator.rever

Aug 14, 2025 pm 07:56 PM

Solve the 'compile' configuration error in Gradle upgrade: WAR task inventory path processing guide

This article aims to resolve the "Unknown property 'compile'" error caused by the depreciation of configurations.compile configuration in WAR tasks when Gradle is upgraded to 7.x and later. The article will explain the root cause of the problem in detail and provide a solution to correctly migrate the Class-Path attribute from configurations.compile to configurations.compileClasspath to help developers successfully complete the Gradle project upgrade and ensure the correct generation of the WAR file manifest.

Aug 14, 2025 pm 07:54 PM

Accurate verification method for Boolean type value in Java

This article aims to solve the problem of accurate verification of Boolean type values in Java, that is, how to ensure that the value entered by the user is strictly true or false, and gives a clear error prompt for invalid input. We will explore how to effectively verify the Boolean type value without changing the data type, and provide corresponding code examples and precautions.

Aug 14, 2025 pm 07:45 PM

How to replace characters in a String in Java

Use the replace() method to replace all specified characters or substrings in a string; 2. Use replaceAll() to replace the matching pattern based on regular expressions; 3. Use replaceFirst() to replace only the first match; 4. Use StringBuilder's setCharAt() method to replace characters at a specific index; 5. You can chain call replace() to implement multiple replacement operations, but each call generates a new string, and the result needs to be assigned to the variable to save the changes.

Aug 14, 2025 pm 07:44 PM

What is a WAR file in Java?

AWARfileinJavastandsforWebApplicationArchive,whichisapackagedformatusedtodistributeanddeploywebapplicationsonJava-basedserverslikeTomcatorJBoss;itbundlesallcomponentssuchasJSPs,servlets,HTML,CSS,JavaScript,configurationfiles,andlibrariesintoasingleZI

Aug 14, 2025 pm 07:37 PM

How to use the Collection framework in Java

When using the Java collection framework, the purpose of the core interface should be clarified first: 1. Use List (such as ArrayList) to store ordered and repetitive elements, and prioritize ArrayList for fast random access; 2. Use Set (such as HashSet) to store unique elements, and choose TreeSet if you need to sort; 3. Use Map (such as HashMap) to store key-value pairs, and use TreeMap if you need to sort by key; 4. Always use generics to ensure type safety and avoid runtime exceptions; 5. Use sort, reverse, max and asList methods provided by Collections and Arrays tool classes to improve development efficiency; 6.

Aug 14, 2025 pm 07:32 PM

java collection framework

How to write unit tests in Java?

To write Java unit tests, you must first introduce JUnit5 in the project, add junit-jupiter dependency in pom.xml, add testImplementation'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.9.3' for Gradle project, and place the test class in the src/test/java directory; then create a test class, use @Test annotation to mark the test method, and verify behavior through assertions such as assertEquals and assertThrows, such as testing the add and divide methods of the Calculator class; use @Before

Aug 14, 2025 pm 07:28 PM

java unit test

How do you check if a number is prime in Java?

To determine whether a number is a prime number, the answer is: 1. If the number is less than or equal to 1, it is not a prime number; 2. If it is 2, it is a prime number; 3. If it is an even number and greater than 2, it is not a prime number; 4. Check whether the odd number from 3 to its square root can be divided. If it exists, it is not a prime number, otherwise it is a prime number. This method uses integer operation to avoid floating point errors by handling boundary conditions, excluding even numbers and only checking odd numbers, and using integer operations to avoid floating point errors, thus efficiently judging prime numbers. It is suitable for general scenarios and is fully implemented as shown in the above Java code.

Aug 14, 2025 pm 07:12 PM

Robustness in Java parallel tasks: Independent exception handling and result collection strategies

This article discusses how to ensure that exceptions of a single task do not interrupt the entire processing flow when executing parallel method calls in Java. We will introduce a robust strategy to use CompletableFuture to perform each task independently and to catch and record exceptions inside the task rather than propagate immediately. In this way, even if some tasks fail, all parallel tasks can continue to be completed and ultimately aggregate the results and error information of all tasks, thereby improving the resilience and usability of the system.

Aug 14, 2025 pm 07:06 PM

How to use Optional to avoid NullPointerException in Java

Optional is used to avoid NullPointerException in Java. The correct usage methods include: 1. Use Optional.of, Optional.ofNullable or Optional.empty to return a value that may be empty; 2. Use isPresent to combine get or more recommended ifPresent to handle the existence of the value; 3. Use orElse or delayed calculations to provide the default value; 4. Use map and flatMap to safely convert the value to avoid nested Optional; 5. Use orElseThrow to throw exceptions when the value is missing; 6. Avoid using Optional for

Aug 14, 2025 pm 06:33 PM

Efficiently manage and execute a large number of Linux commands in Java

This article discusses the strategies and challenges of large-scale execution of Linux commands (such as socat) in Java applications. We will analyze in detail the key links such as concurrent execution, I/O stream processing, resource management, etc., and provide practical methods based on ProcessBuilder and thread pools, aiming to help developers achieve high-performance and highly concurrent command execution, and effectively avoid common performance bottlenecks, such as high load and system lag.

Aug 14, 2025 pm 06:33 PM

How to use JSPs in Java

JSP(JavaServerPages)isaserver-sidetechnologythatembedsJavacodeintoHTMLusingspecialtagslikeandtogeneratedynamiccontent.2.TouseJSPs,setupaJavawebprojectwiththeproperstructure,includingawebappdirectoryandWEB-INFfolder,anddeployitonaservletcontainerlikeA

Aug 14, 2025 pm 06:32 PM

Manage Google Calendar Events with Service Accounts: Solving 403 Permission Issues and Best Practices

This article explores in-depth how to use Google Service Account and its Domain-Wide Delegation (DWD) to manage Google Calendar events, especially to resolve common 403 permission errors. We will explain in detail the difference between service accounts and user authorization, provide Java code examples, and clarify DWD configuration steps, common pitfalls, and how to ensure that service accounts safely and effectively represent the user's operating calendar without directly accessing user credentials.

Aug 14, 2025 pm 06:30 PM

Efficient comparison of collection elements in Java: Tutorial for finding missing items using Set

This tutorial is designed to solve the problem of comparing two collections (such as shopping lists vs inventory lists) in Java to determine if there are missing items. The article will analyze the limitations of traditional linear search methods and focus on how to optimize this process by leveraging the efficient search characteristics of Set data structures (average O(1) time complexity). With specific code examples, readers will learn how to correctly compare collection elements and effectively identify and report all missing items, thereby improving program performance and readability.

Aug 14, 2025 pm 06:24 PM