


How to Effectively Manage Dependencies in CMake: A Guide to Local Dependencies, Library Targets, and Project Structure?
Nov 05, 2024 am 05:26 AMDependencies Management in CMake: Source, Library, and CMakeLists.txt
In CMake, managing dependencies between source files, libraries, and CMakeLists.txt ensures a well-structured and efficient project. This article explores strategies to effectively handle dependencies in a complex project involving multiple libraries and executables.
Local Dependencies: An Advantage
Setting up local dependencies simplifies dependency management by specifying dependencies at the source and link levels within each subdirectory's CMakeLists.txt. This approach provides a clear hierarchy and avoids unnecessary bloating by excluding irrelevant dependencies.
Example Project Structure and CMakeLists.txt
Consider a project with interconnected libraries and an executable:
Lib - LibA - CMakeLists.txt - Src - a.cc - Inc - a.h - LibB - CMakeLists.txt - Src - b.cc - Inc - b.h - LibC - CMakeLists.txt - Src - c.cc - Inc - c.h App1 - CMakeLists.txt - Src - main.cc
Library CMakeLists.txt (LibA, LibB, LibC)
include_directories(Inc ../LibC/Inc) add_subdirectory(../LibC LibC) add_library(LibA Src/a.cc Inc/a.h) target_link_libraries(LibA LibC) include_directories(Inc) add_library(LibB Src/b.cc Inc/b.h) include_directories(Inc ../LibB/Inc) add_subdirectory(../LibB LibB) add_library(LibC Src/c.cc Inc/c.h) target_link_libraries(LibC LibB)
App1 CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8) project(App1 CXX) file(WRITE "Src/main.cc" "#include \"a.h\"\n#include \"b.h\"\nint main()\n{\na();\nb();\nreturn 0;\n}") ... include_directories(../Lib/LibA/Inc ../Lib/LibB/Inc) add_subdirectory(../Lib/LibA LibA) add_subdirectory(../Lib/LibB LibB) add_executable(App1 Src/main.cc) target_link_libraries(App1 LibA LibB)
Library Dependency Graph
The dependency graph for this project: App1 -> LibA -> LibC -> LibB App1 -> LibB
Strategies for Managing Multiple Dependencies
Several approaches exist for managing multiple dependencies:
-
Build Libraries in the Same Project:
This approach consolidates libraries and the executable within the same project, facilitating dependency resolution. -
Build Libraries in Separate Projects:
For static, infrequently modified libraries, this strategy may be preferred to avoid cluttering the main project.
Best Practices
- Create full-featured library targets that include header and library paths.
- Use PUBLIC/PRIVATE modifiers in target_link_libraries to control header inclusion visibility.
- Utilize the find_package command to manage dependencies with external, pre-built libraries.
The above is the detailed content of How to Effectively Manage Dependencies in CMake: A Guide to Local Dependencies, Library Targets, and Project Structure?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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