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How Do I Use Enumerations in PHP, Including Workarounds for Versions Before 8.1?
How Do I Use Enumerations in PHP, Including Workarounds for Versions Before 8.1?
Dec 17, 2024 pm 04:33 PM
Enumerations in PHP: PHP 8.1 Support and Workarounds
PHP has long lacked native enumerations, leaving developers seeking workarounds. However, with the release of PHP 8.1, full-fledged enum support has finally arrived.
PHP 8.1: Native Enums
Starting with PHP 8.1, enums are officially supported. They provide a concise and type-safe way to define sets of predefined values:
enum DaysOfWeek: int
{
case Sunday = 0;
case Monday = 1;
// etc.
}
Workarounds for PHP 8.0 and Earlier
Prior to PHP 8.1, several workarounds were commonly used:
- Constants: Constants provide global, immutable values. However, they can lead to namespace collisions and are not as versatile as true enums.
- Arrays: Arrays are more flexible but can be overridden and lack autofill support in IDEs.
A more advanced workaround involves creating a base enum class with static validation methods:
abstract class BasicEnum
{
// ...
public static function isValidName($name, $strict = false) {}
public static function isValidValue($value, $strict = true) {}
}
Extending this class allows for straightforward input validation:
abstract class DaysOfWeek extends BasicEnum
{
// ...
}
DaysOfWeek::isValidName('Humpday'); // false
DaysOfWeek::isValidValue(7); // false
SplEnum for PHP 5.3
If using PHP 5.3 or later, SplEnum provides a more robust workaround:
$days = new SplEnum(array(
'Sunday', 'Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday'
));
if ($days->isValid('Monday')) {
// ...
}
Conclusion
Native enumerations in PHP 8.1 simplify code and improve type safety. For earlier versions, various workarounds exist, including constants, arrays, and the BasicEnum or SplEnum classes.
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