Say goodbye to cumbersome Python environment management! uv is an efficient and convenient tool that can solve Python version management, virtual environment creation, package management, project management and other problems in one stop. It is fast and easy to get started. This article will take Windows PowerShell as an example to demonstrate the use of uv. For other platforms, you can refer to the official documentation for corresponding adjustments.
Install uv
uv does not depend on Python, so it is not recommended to use pip or pipx to install. Windows systems can be installed directly by executing the following command through PowerShell:
powershell -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -c "irm https://astral.sh/uv/install.ps1 | iex"
Or install using a package manager such as scoop:
scoop install uv
Use uv to manage multiple versions of Python
Use the uv python list command to view installable and installed Python versions:
# uv python list cpython-3.13.1+freethreaded-windows-x86_64-none <download available=""> cpython-3.13.1-windows-x86_64-none <download available=""> cpython-3.12.8-windows-x86_64-none <download available=""> ...
Install the latest version:
# uv python install Installed Python 3.13.1 in 5.89s + cpython-3.13.1-windows-x86_64-none
View installation results: The installed version will display the installation path.
# uv python list cpython-3.13.1-windows-x86_64-none C:\Users\meebo\AppData\Roaming\uv\python\cpython-3.13.1-windows-x86_64-none\python.exe ...
Get the Python installation path:
# uv python dir C:\Users\meebo\AppData\Roaming\uv\python
Install the specified version:
# uv python install 3.10 Installed Python 3.10.16 in 9.78s + cpython-3.10.16-windows-x86_64-none
Uninstall Python version (requires specified version):
# uv python uninstall 3.10 Searching for Python versions matching: Python 3.10 Uninstalled Python 3.10.16 in 1.52s - cpython-3.10.16-windows-x86_64-none
View all versions (including all revisions): uv python list --all-versions
Install multiple versions: uv python install 3.10 3.11
Uninstall multiple versions: uv python uninstall 3.10 3.11
Use uv instead of python/pip tools
The Python environment managed by uv cannot be executed directly with the python command, but must be executed through the uv run command. For example:
# cat .\show_version.py import sys print(sys.version)
Execution:
# uv run .\show_version.py 3.13.1 (main, Dec 19 2024, 14:38:48) [MSC v.1942 64 bit (AMD64)]
Specify Python version to execute: uv run --python 3.10 .show_version.py
Execute from standard input: echo 'print("hello world!")' | uv run -
View installed Python version: uv python list --only-installed
Set default Python version (current directory only): uv python pin 3.10 (create .python-version file)
Specify the packages required for execution
If the program requires additional packages, such as cowsay:
# cat .\cow.py
from cowsay import cow
cow('hello, world')
Specify the package using the --with option:
# uv run --with cowsay .\cow.py Installed 1 package in 13ms ...
Clear cached virtual environments: uv cache clean
Manage virtual environments
Create a virtual environment: uv venv --python 3.10 (create .venv directory) or specify the directory name: uv venv myenv
Use the specified virtual environment: uv run --python myenv .show_version.py
Delete virtual environment: Delete virtual environment directory
Management Pack
Use the uv pip command to manage packages, which is compatible with the pip command.
Installation package: uv pip install cowsay
View package dependencies: uv pip tree
Uninstall package: uv pip uninstall rich (Dependent packages no longer needed will not be automatically deleted)
Use uv to manage Python projects
uv provides two project management methods: single file project and folder project.
Single file project
Initialize single file project: uv init --script cow3.py --python 3.13 (add metadata in cow3.py file)
Add package: uv add --script cow3.py cowsay rich (modify cow3.py file metadata)
Remove package: uv remove --script cow3.py rich (modify cow3.py file metadata)
Folder Items
Initialize the folder project: uv init myproject (Create the project directory, including .gitignore, .python-version, hello.py, pyproject.toml, README.md)
Execution project: uv run hello.py (Create .venv virtual environment)
Add package: uv add cowsay rich (modify pyproject.toml file)
Update package: uv lock --upgrade-package cowsay or uv lock --upgrade
Remove package: uv remove cowsay
Synchronize project environment with uv.lock files: uv sync
View project package dependencies: uv tree
Use the tool commands provided by the package
Directly execute the package command: uvx cowsay -t 'hello, uv' or uv tool run cowsay -t 'hello, uv'
Specify package execution command: uvx --from httpie http -p=b GET https://flagtech.github.io/flag.txt
Install package command to the system: uv tool install httpie
Update package command: uv tool upgrade httpie
Uninstall package command: uv tool uninstall httpie
uv provides an efficient and convenient Python environment management solution, significantly improving development efficiency. Through the introduction of this article, I believe you have mastered the basic usage of uv and can better manage your Python projects and environments.
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