This article explores PHP's Intl extension for locale-aware operations. The Intl extension provides access to the ICU library's functions, enabling handling of text, dates, times, and time zones according to various locales.
Key Features:
- Locale-Aware Operations: The Intl extension facilitates tasks like text processing, date/time formatting, and timezone handling, all sensitive to the specified locale.
- Easy Installation: Generally included by default in PHP 5.3 and later. Manual installation is straightforward, with instructions provided for different systems (e.g., using apt-get on Ubuntu).
- Message Formatting (MessageFormatter): This class allows for sophisticated message localization, including handling plurals, choices, and complex scenarios. It supports both positional and named placeholders.
- Message Parsing: The same patterns used for formatting can be leveraged to parse and extract data from formatted messages.
Installation:
Verify installation using php -m | grep 'intl'
. If not installed, use the appropriate commands for your system (examples provided for Ubuntu using apt-get
). PHP 7 installations may require adding a PPA.
Message Formatting Examples:
The MessageFormatter::formatMessage
method is central to localization. Arguments include the locale, the message string (with placeholders), and an array of data. Placeholders use curly braces {}
, supporting various formatting options (e.g., {0, number, integer}
, {number_apples, number, integer}
).
- Number Formatting: Demonstrates differences in numeral systems across locales (en_US, ar, bn).
- Date and Time Formatting: Shows how to format dates and times using various styles.
- Duration Formatting: Illustrates formatting durations.
- Spellout Formatting: Converts numbers to their spelled-out equivalents.
-
Pluralization: Handles different plural forms based on the value of a placeholder (using
plural
keyword). -
Choices: Selects messages based on ranges of values (using
choice
keyword). Note: ICU developers advise against extensive use of thechoice
type. -
Select: Chooses messages based on specific values (using
select
keyword). - Complex Cases: Combines pluralization and select for more intricate message customization.
Message Parsing:
The MessageFormatter::parse
method uses the same patterns as formatting to extract data from a formatted message.
Conclusion:
The PHP Intl extension is a powerful tool for building internationalized applications. This guide provides a foundation for using its message formatting capabilities. Future articles will cover number and date formatting, and calendar handling.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):
The FAQs section provides answers to common questions about PHP localization and the Intl extension, covering topics such as installation, date/time formatting, number formatting, message translation, text segmentation, transliteration, handling plurals, collation, and locale management.
The above is the detailed content of Localization Demystified: Php-Intl for Everyone. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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