Whether the Linux kernel needs to be updated depends on the distribution, hardware compatibility or functional requirements; the system comes with updates on daily use, but you can manually upgrade it when experiencing new features or solving driver problems. Confirm that the current kernel version can be viewed through the terminal input uname -r; it is recommended to use the distribution package manager to update, such as Ubuntu/Debian using sudo apt update && upgrade && dist-upgrade, Fedora/RHEL/CentOS Stream using sudo dnf update, and select the new kernel after restarting to take effect; Advanced users can manually download source code from kernel.org to compile and install. The process includes decompression configuration, compiling and installing modules, and updating GRUB boot items, but it is complex and risky. Notes include keeping the old kernel for fallback, checking GRUB configuration, reinstalling the closed source driver, and trying to update in the test environment first.
Updating the Linux kernel sounds a bit technical, but in fact, as long as the steps are clear, it is not difficult to operate. In most cases, whether the kernel needs to be updated depends on the distribution you are using, hardware compatibility, or specific feature requirements. If you are just using it on a daily basis, the system's own update mechanism is usually enough; but if you want to experience new features or solve certain driver problems, manually upgrading the kernel is also feasible.
Confirm the current kernel version
Before you start, let’s see which version you are using now. Open the terminal and enter:
uname -r
This displays the currently running kernel version. For example, the output is 5.15.0-86-generic
, which means you are using the kernel version 5.15.
After confirming the version, you can decide whether you really need to update. Some distributions do not automatically upgrade to the latest kernel by default, so sometimes you need to do it yourself.
Update using the distribution's package manager (recommended)
Most modern Linux distributions provide relatively simple kernel update methods, which can be done by using the system's own package manager. For example:
Ubuntu/Debian :
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade sudo apt dist-upgrade
These commands not only update the system software, but also install the latest stable kernel (if available).
Fedora/RHEL/CentOS Stream :
sudo dnf update
After the update is completed, restart the system, enter the startup menu and select the new kernel to take effect.
The advantage of this method is that it is safe and reliable, suitable for ordinary users and server environments.
Manually compile and install the latest kernel (advanced)
If you do need a specific version of the kernel, or if your distribution does not provide the latest mainline version, you can choose to compile and install it from the source. The process is roughly as follows:
- Download the official source code package (from kernel.org )
- After decompression, enter the directory and configure the compilation options (can be customized with
make menuconfig
) - Compile and install modules and kernels
- Update GRUB boot items
This process is quite complicated, and if an error occurs, the system may not be started. It is recommended that users with a certain foundation try it. In addition, each update requires recompilation, which is expensive to maintain.
Notes and FAQs
- Don't delete the old kernel at will : the new kernel may be unstable, and keeping the old version can fall back on startup.
- Make sure the boot configuration is correct : After updating the kernel, remember to check whether GRUB has recognized the new kernel.
- Note Driver Compatibility : Some closed source drivers (such as NVIDIA) may require reinstallation to work with the new kernel.
- Test environment priority : If it is a production environment, it is best to test the new kernel on the virtual machine or backup device first.
Basically that's it. Updating the Linux kernel does not require too complicated operations. The key is to choose the appropriate method according to your needs. For most users, it is enough to use the system's own update tool; manual upgrades are only needed when there are clear requirements.
The above is the detailed content of How to update the Linux kernel?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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