How to prevent hotlinking of my images?
Jul 02, 2025 am 12:06 AM防盜圖片鏈接可通過四種方法實現(xiàn):1.使用.htaccess設(shè)置防盜鏈,通過限制請求來源域名阻止外站引用;2.利用CDN的防盜鏈功能,如設(shè)置Referer白名單、簽名URL和IP黑白名單;3.為圖片添加水印或提供縮略圖以降低盜用價值;4.在Nginx服務(wù)器中配置valid_referers規(guī)則限制訪問來源域名。用戶可根據(jù)服務(wù)器類型和需求選擇合適方式組合使用。
防止別人盜用你的圖片鏈接(也就是防熱鏈)其實并不難,但確實很重要。尤其是如果你的網(wǎng)站流量較大,或者你擔心自己的圖片被濫用,設(shè)置好防盜鏈能幫你省不少事。
1. 使用 .htaccess 設(shè)置防盜鏈(適用于 Apache 服務(wù)器)
如果你使用的是 Apache 服務(wù)器,可以通過 .htaccess
文件來阻止其他網(wǎng)站直接引用你的圖片。
在網(wǎng)站根目錄或圖片目錄下添加如下代碼:
RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$ RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http(s)?://(www\.)?yourdomain.com [NC] RewriteRule \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$ - [F]
這段代碼的意思是:如果請求來源不是你自己的域名,就禁止訪問這些圖片格式文件。
把
yourdomain.com
替換成你自己的域名。如果你想允許某些第三方站點引用圖片,比如你信任的合作方,可以再加一行:
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} ^http(s)?://(www\.)?trusted-site.com [NC,OR]
這樣就能靈活控制哪些網(wǎng)站可以引用你的資源。
2. 使用 CDN 的防盜鏈功能
如果你的圖片是通過 CDN 分發(fā)的,比如 Cloudflare、阿里云 CDN 或騰訊云等,它們一般都自帶防盜鏈功能。
常見的設(shè)置方式包括:
- Referer 白名單:只允許特定域名訪問資源。
- 簽名 URL(帶 Token):生成有時效性的帶密鑰的圖片鏈接,別人即使拿到也無法長期使用。
- IP 黑名單/白名單:針對特定 IP 進行限制。
這種方式的好處是不依賴你自己服務(wù)器的配置,而且有些 CDN 提供了圖形界面,操作起來更直觀。
3. 給圖片加水印或縮略圖處理
雖然這不是技術(shù)上的“防盜鏈”,但從內(nèi)容層面可以有效降低別人盜用的動力。
- 加上明顯的文字或圖標水印,讓未經(jīng)授權(quán)使用的圖片看起來不專業(yè)。
- 提供低分辨率縮略圖用于展示,原圖需要點擊跳轉(zhuǎn)或登錄后才能查看。
這樣做雖然不能完全阻止盜圖,但能在一定程度上起到威懾作用。
4. 使用 Nginx 配置防盜鏈(適用于 Nginx 服務(wù)器)
如果你使用的是 Nginx,可以在配置文件中加入如下規(guī)則:
location ~ \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif)$ { valid_referers none blocked yourdomain.com; if ($invalid_referer) { return 403; } }
同樣記得把 yourdomain.com
換成你自己的域名。你還可以加上多個允許的域名,例如:
valid_referers none blocked yourdomain.com another-trusted.com;
這樣配置后,只有來自這些域名的請求才會被允許訪問圖片。
基本上就這些方法了。你可以根據(jù)自己的服務(wù)器類型和需求選擇一種或幾種組合使用。防熱鏈本身不復(fù)雜,但很容易被人忽略,早點設(shè)置好,能避免很多后續(xù)麻煩。
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