How to mark up figures and captions using HTML5 `` and ``.
Jul 04, 2025 am 12:43 AMUsing HTML5's <figure> and to add alt attribute directly to the inline image in the text; make sure
Adding captions to images is very common in web design. HTML5 provides two semantic tags <figure></figure>
and <figcaption></figcaption>
to implement this function. Using these two tags can not only improve the clarity of the page structure, but also enhance accessibility and SEO performance.

Basic usage: <figure></figure>
Package content, <figcaption></figcaption>
Add instructions
The core approach is to place media content such as pictures and charts in the <figure></figure>
tag, and then use <figcaption></figcaption>
to add titles or captions. It is not limited to pictures, but can also be used for videos, code segments, etc.

For example:
<figure> <img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="example.jpg" class="lazy" alt="example picture"> <figcaption>This is the caption of the picture</figcaption> </figure>
The structure written in this way is clear and easier to be recognized by screen readers.

How to layout? Simple CSS to get the style
By default, these tags have no special style and need to be used with CSS to control the appearance. For example, set the centering of the picture, the position of the title and the font style.
You can write this way:
figure { text-align: center; margin: 1em 0; } figcaption { font-style: italic; color: #666; margin-top: 0.5em; }
This will make the pictures and captions look cleaner and more beautiful. You can also adjust the font size, color or add border background according to the overall style of the web page.
How to deal with multiple pictures? Multiple figures can be used side by side
If you have multiple images on a page that need instructions, it is recommended to use a <figure>
element for each image separately. In this way, each diagram and its description are independent and the structure is clearer.
For example:
<figure> <img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="image1.jpg" class="lazy" alt="first picture"> <figcaption>This is the description of the first picture</figcaption> </figure> <figure> <img src="/static/imghw/default1.png" data-src="image2.jpg" class="lazy" alt="second picture"> <figcaption>This is an illustration of the second picture</figcaption> </figure>
This writing method is suitable for gallery displays or multi-picture layout in articles. If you want them to be arranged horizontally, you can control it with a Flexbox or Grid layout.
Note: Don't abuse it, keep semantic accurate
Although <figure></figure>
is convenient, not all images need to use it. <figure></figure>
and <figcaption></figcaption>
are more suitable only if the image itself is a separate content unit and is equipped with instructions. If it is an inline picture in the main text (such as a small icon in the article), it is enough to directly use <img alt="How to mark up figures and captions using HTML5 `` and ``." >
to add alt
to describe it.
in addition:
- Make sure
<figcaption></figcaption>
is placed inside<figure></figure>
, and the location can be before and after the picture. - The
alt
attribute of the picture cannot be omitted, it has a different function from<figcaption></figcaption>
: one is auxiliary description and the other is visual description. - Don't nest multiple
<figcaption></figcaption>
in the same<figure></figure>
, one is enough.
Basically that's it. It is not complicated to use <figure></figure>
and <figcaption></figcaption>
well, but it can significantly improve the structure and readability of the page.
The above is the detailed content of How to mark up figures and captions using HTML5 `` and ``.. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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