MongoDB is a high-performance, highly scalable document-oriented NoSQL database built to manage heavy traffic and vast amounts of data. Unlike traditional SQL databases that store data in rows and columns within tables, MongoDB structures data in a JSON-like format within records known as documents.

Thanks to its schema-free design, MongoDB offers exceptional flexibility and supports both horizontal and vertical scaling, enabling storage of only the data required by an application. At its core, this makes it highly scalable.

MongoDB offers several important features:

• Rich queries
• Indexing
• Replication & high availability
• Horizontal and vertical scaling
• Auto sharding
• Load balancing

MongoDB is particularly well-suited for applications experiencing high traffic and needing rapid scalability. It's also beneficial in environments where software development is conducted in iterative cycles, broken into smaller manageable phases.

[ You might also like: 6 Useful Tools to Monitor MongoDB Performance ]

Installation of MongoDB is straightforward and it can be deployed on both private and public clouds such as AWS and Azure. In this guide, we will walk through installing MongoDB on Rocky Linux and AlmaLinux.

Step 1: Add the MongoDB Repository

We begin by creating a repository for MongoDB, since the official packages are not available in the default repositories of Rocky Linux and AlmaLinux.

Create the MongoDB repository using the following command:

<code>$ sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org.repo</code>

Paste the configuration below into the file. This will allow you to install the latest version available at the time of writing, which is MongoDB 4.4.

<code>[mongodb-org-4.4]
name=MongoDB Repository
baseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/4.4/x86_64/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-4.4.asc</code>

After adding the repository, update your system's package list to include the new MongoDB repository.

<code>$ sudo dnf update</code>

Step 2: Install MongoDB on Rocky Linux

Now proceed with the installation of MongoDB using the following command:

<code>$ sudo dnf install mongodb-org</code>

When prompted, press 'y' to import the MongoDB GPG key and hit ENTER.

Once the installation completes, verify the installed version with:

<code>$ mongod --version</code>

This command displays the MongoDB version along with other details like OpenSSL version and Environment.

Step 3: Start and Enable MongoDB

By default, the MongoDB service does not start automatically after installation. You can check its current status using:

<code>$ sudo systemctl status mongod</code>

Before proceeding further, start the MongoDB service and configure it to start automatically at boot with these commands:

<code>$ sudo systemctl start mongod
$ sudo systemctl enable mongod</code>

Check the status again to confirm everything is running smoothly:

<code>$ sudo systemctl status mongod</code>

To access the Mongo shell, run:

<code>$ mongo</code>

Step 4: Using MongoDB to Manage Databases

With MongoDB now installed, let’s explore some basic operations from the shell.

To view existing databases, use the command:

<code>> db</code>

To create a new database, use the use command followed by the desired database name (which doesn’t yet exist). For example:

<code>> use tecmint-db</code>

Next, insert a document into a collection called students. Copy and paste the code below into your MongoDB shell:

<code>db.students.insertOne(
   { "First Name" : "John",
     "Last_Name"  : "Doe",
     "City" : "Lisbon",
     "Id No." : 34569765,
     "Age" : 28
   }
)</code>

To see the collections in your current database, type:

<code>> show collections</code>

To display the contents of the students collection:

<code>> db.students.find()
OR
> db.students.find().pretty()</code>

To delete the entire students collection:

<code>> db.students.drop()</code>

Conclusion

MongoDB is a flexible and powerful NoSQL database gaining popularity due to its adaptability and ease of integration. It works seamlessly with major programming languages like Python and Java. In this article, we guided you through installing MongoDB on Rocky Linux and AlmaLinux systems.

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