To implement the proxy design pattern in Java, you first need to define a common interface, then implement the real topic class, then create a proxy class to control access to real objects, and finally use the proxy in the main program. 1. Define the public interface Image to ensure that the proxy and real objects are interchangeable; 2. Implement the RealImage class, responsible for actual image loading and display; 3. Create the ImageProxy class, implement lazy loading in its display method; 4. Use ImageProxy in the Main class to delay loading image resources and improve efficiency. This mode supports multiple uses such as security control, logging, or remote calls.
Sure, here's a practical and straightforward explanation of how to implement the Proxy design pattern in Java .
The Proxy pattern is useful when you want to control access to an object or add behavior without changing its actual implementation. This can be helpful for things like lazy initialization, security checks, or adding logging. Let's go over how to do it step by step.
1. Define a Common Interface
Start by creating an interface that both the real object and the proxy will implement. This allows them to be used interchangeably.
public interface Image {
void display();
}This keeps your code flexible and clean. Any class using this interface doesn't need to care whether it's dealing with the real thing or a proxy.
2. Implement the Real Subject
Now create the actual class that does the work. This is the object you might want to wrap later with a proxy.
public class RealImage implements Image {
private String filename;
public RealImage(String filename) {
this.filename = filename;
loadFromDisk(filename);
}
private void loadFromDisk(String filename) {
System.out.println("Loading image: " filename);
}
@Override
public void display() {
System.out.println("Displaying image: " filename);
}
}This class could represent something expensive to create — like loading a large file from disk. That's where the proxy becomes handy.
3. Create the Proxy Class
The proxy holds a reference to the real object and controls access to it. It often delays instantiation until necessary (lazy loading).
public class ImageProxy implements Image {
private RealImage realImage;
private String filename;
public ImageProxy(String filename) {
this.filename = filename;
}
@Override
public void display() {
if (realImage == null) {
realImage = new RealImage(filename); // Lazy initialization
}
realImage.display();
}
} You'll notice that RealImage is only created when display() is called for the first time. That saves resources if the image never actually needs to be shown.
4. Use the Proxy
Finally, test it out. The calling code doesn't know (or care) whether it's using the proxy or the real image.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Image image1 = new ImageProxy("photo1.jpg");
Image image2 = new ImageProxy("photo2.jpg");
image1.display(); // Loads and displays
image1.display(); // Only displays
image2.display(); // Loads and displays
}
}As you can see, the proxy helps avoid unnecessary resource usage by deferring creation until it's truly needed.
There are other types of proxies too — like remote proxies (for distributed systems), virtual proxies (like the one above), and protection proxies (for access control). But the structure stays mostly the same.
So yes, implementing the Proxy pattern in Java isn't hard once you understand the flow. Just define an interface, build the real class, then wrap it with a proxy that adds value.
Basically that's it.
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