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Table of Contents
Push New State to History
Replace Current State
Responding to Back/Forward Navigation
When to Use It
Home Web Front-end H5 Tutorial How to use the HTML5 History API?

How to use the HTML5 History API?

Jul 13, 2025 am 02:52 AM

HTML5 History API allows manipulating browser history and changing URLs without reloading the page. It is suitable for single page applications (SPAs) to implement navigation and bookmarking functions when dynamic content switching. 1. Use history.pushState() to add new entries to the history stack. The parameters include the status object, title (usually ignored) and new URLs, such as history.pushState({ page: 'home' }, '', '/home'); 2. If you need to update the current history entry instead of adding it, use history.replaceState(), which is the same as pushState; 3. When the user clicks the forward/back button, the navigation logic can be handled by listening to the window.onpopstate event, and the event.state contains the previously passed status data. This API is often used to build websites or SPAs that are asynchronously loaded, URLs reflect application status and support expected navigation behavior. It is often used in conjunction with front-end routing libraries such as React Router, but the content loading logic after URL changes is required.

How to use the HTML5 History API?

Using the HTML5 History API allows you to manipulate the browser history and change the URL without reloading the page. This is especially useful for single-page applications (SPAs) where content changes dynamically but you still want proper URL navigation and bookmarking.

How to use the HTML5 History API?

Push New State to History

The most commonly used method is history.pushState() . It lets you add a new entry to the browser's session history stack.

  • Parameters :
    pushState(state, title, url)
    • state : an object associated with the new history entry (can be null )
    • title : historically intended for the document title, but most browsers ignore this
    • url : the new URL to appear in the address bar (relative or absolute)

Example:

How to use the HTML5 History API?
 history.pushState({ page: 'home' }, '', '/home');

After running this, the URL changes to /home , but the page doesn't reload. You can use this to simulate navigation in SPAs.

Replace Current State

If you don't want to create a new history entry but instead update the current one, use history.replaceState() .

How to use the HTML5 History API?

It works just like pushState() , but replaces the current history entry rather than adding a new one.

This is handy when you want to update the URL after some user interaction without creating extra back/forward steps.

Example:

 history.replaceState({ page: 'profile' }, '', '/user/profile');

This keeps the user on the same logical page but updates the URL and state.

Responding to Back/Forward Navigation

When users click the back or forward buttons, your app should respond appropriately. That's where the popstate event comes in.

  • Attach a listener to window.onpopstate :
     window.addEventListener('popstate', function(event) {
    // Handle navigation here based on event.state
    });

    Note that event.state contains the state object you passed to pushState() or replaceState() .

    Keep in mind that not all browsers fire popstate on initial page load, so you may need to check history.state separately.

    When to Use It

    You'll typically reach for the History API when building dynamic websites or SPAs where:

    • Content loads without full page refreshes
    • URLs need to reflect current app state
    • Users expect back/forward buttons to work as expected

    It pairs well with client-side routing libraries like React Router or Vue Router, which internally uses this API.

    But remember: changing the URL won't automatically fetch new content — that part is up to you to implement.

    Basically that's it.

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