HTML5 data attribute is a method of storing custom data in HTML elements, and has the advantages of not affecting page display and facilitating JavaScript operations. 1. In terms of definition, the data attribute is a custom attribute starting with data-, such as data-id or data-user-name. The browser does not handle it specially but allows JS to read and write; 2. Common uses include storing element-related information, passing parameters between components, reducing server requests, etc.; 3. The usage method is to add data-* attributes to HTML tags, such as
HTML5 data attributes is a good way to store custom data in HTML elements. It does not affect the page display and is convenient for JavaScript operations. It is simple, flexible, and has good compatibility.

What is a data attribute?
The data attribute is the attribute name that starts with data-
, such as data-id="123"
or data-user-name="John"
. The browser does not do any special treatment for these properties, but you can easily access and modify them through JavaScript.
They are usually used to:

- Store additional information related to elements (such as ID, status, etc.)
- Passing data between front-end components
- Avoid frequent requests to the server to obtain known information
How to use it in HTML?
Just write data-*
attribute in the tag, the format is very simple:
<div data-role="button" data-action="submit">Submit</div>
Here we have added two data attributes: data-role
and data-action
, and we can add multiple data as needed.

Need to note:
- The attribute name must start with
data-
- Can contain letters, numbers, short horizontal lines, dots and colons
- Values can be any type of string or number, but they will be processed as strings.
How to get and set it with JavaScript?
Data properties can be manipulated through dataset
objects:
const element = document.querySelector('[data-role="button"]'); // Get the value console.log(element.dataset.role); // Output: button console.log(element.dataset.action); // Output: submit // Set the value element.dataset.loading = "true"; // Now the element will become: data-loading="true"
A few tips:
- The key name of dataset is named camel, for example,
data-user-name
will becomedataset.userName
- If the attribute name has multiple short horizontal lines, the following words will be converted to capitalization
- It does not support setting boolean values or numbers directly, remember to convert the type manually
Common scenarios in practical applications
Some common usages include:
State control of buttons
For example, a button in the loading state can usedata-loading="true"
to mark whether it is currently loading. JavaScript decides whether to prevent repeated clicks based on this value.Dynamic menu or pop-up window transfer
For example, clicking on a user item to pop up the details, you can directly store the user ID indata-user-id
, so as to avoid sending requests or maintaining global variables.Form verification assistance
Some fields may require specific rules, you can adddata-validate="email"
to HTML, and then JS handles different rules uniformly.
Basically that's it. Although it seems quite basic, it is very practical in actual development, especially when combined with component development, it can greatly reduce the degree of code coupling.
The above is the detailed content of How to use HTML5 data attributes?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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