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Table of Contents
What is a data attribute?
How to use it in HTML?
How to get and set it with JavaScript?
Common scenarios in practical applications
Home Web Front-end H5 Tutorial How to use HTML5 data attributes?

How to use HTML5 data attributes?

Jul 13, 2025 am 03:01 AM

HTML5 data attribute is a method of storing custom data in HTML elements, and has the advantages of not affecting page display and facilitating JavaScript operations. 1. In terms of definition, the data attribute is a custom attribute starting with data-, such as data-id or data-user-name. The browser does not handle it specially but allows JS to read and write; 2. Common uses include storing element-related information, passing parameters between components, reducing server requests, etc.; 3. The usage method is to add data-* attributes to HTML tags, such as

; 4. JS operations are implemented through dataset objects, such as element.dataset.role to get values, element.dataset.loading = "true" to set values; 5. Notes include that the attribute name must start with data-, the key name is camel-name, and the value is unified as string type; 6. The actual application scenarios cover button status control, dynamic menu parameters, form verification assistance, etc., which effectively improve development efficiency and code decoupling capabilities.

How to use HTML5 data attributes?

HTML5 data attributes is a good way to store custom data in HTML elements. It does not affect the page display and is convenient for JavaScript operations. It is simple, flexible, and has good compatibility.

How to use HTML5 data attributes?

What is a data attribute?

The data attribute is the attribute name that starts with data- , such as data-id="123" or data-user-name="John" . The browser does not do any special treatment for these properties, but you can easily access and modify them through JavaScript.

They are usually used to:

How to use HTML5 data attributes?
  • Store additional information related to elements (such as ID, status, etc.)
  • Passing data between front-end components
  • Avoid frequent requests to the server to obtain known information

How to use it in HTML?

Just write data-* attribute in the tag, the format is very simple:

 <div data-role="button" data-action="submit">Submit</div>

Here we have added two data attributes: data-role and data-action , and we can add multiple data as needed.

How to use HTML5 data attributes?

Need to note:

  • The attribute name must start with data-
  • Can contain letters, numbers, short horizontal lines, dots and colons
  • Values can be any type of string or number, but they will be processed as strings.

How to get and set it with JavaScript?

Data properties can be manipulated through dataset objects:

 const element = document.querySelector(&#39;[data-role="button"]&#39;);

// Get the value console.log(element.dataset.role); // Output: button
console.log(element.dataset.action); // Output: submit

// Set the value element.dataset.loading = "true";
// Now the element will become: data-loading="true"

A few tips:

  • The key name of dataset is named camel, for example, data-user-name will become dataset.userName
  • If the attribute name has multiple short horizontal lines, the following words will be converted to capitalization
  • It does not support setting boolean values or numbers directly, remember to convert the type manually

Common scenarios in practical applications

Some common usages include:

  • State control of buttons
    For example, a button in the loading state can use data-loading="true" to mark whether it is currently loading. JavaScript decides whether to prevent repeated clicks based on this value.

  • Dynamic menu or pop-up window transfer
    For example, clicking on a user item to pop up the details, you can directly store the user ID in data-user-id , so as to avoid sending requests or maintaining global variables.

  • Form verification assistance
    Some fields may require specific rules, you can add data-validate="email" to HTML, and then JS handles different rules uniformly.

Basically that's it. Although it seems quite basic, it is very practical in actual development, especially when combined with component development, it can greatly reduce the degree of code coupling.

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