PHP字符串mbstring處理中文字符串的具體方法解析
Jun 13, 2016 am 11:07 AM
大家通過對多國語言并存就意味著多字節(jié),PHP內置的字符串長度函數(shù)strlen無法正確處理中文字符串,它得到的只是字符串所占的字節(jié)數(shù)。對于GB2312的中文編碼,strlen得到的值是漢字個數(shù)的2倍,而對于UTF-8編碼的中文,就是1~3倍的差異了。
采用PHP字符串mbstring可以較好地解決這個問題。mb_strlen的用法和strlen類似,只不過它有第二個可選參數(shù)用于指定字符編碼。例如得到UTF-8的字符串$str長度,可以用mb_strlen($str,’UTF-8′)。如果省略第二個參數(shù),則會使用PHP的內部編碼。內部編碼可以通過mb_internal_encoding()函數(shù)得到,設置有兩種方式:
1. 在php.ini中設置mbstring.internal_encoding = UTF-8
2. 調用mb_internal_encoding(”GBK”)
除了PHP字符串mbstring,還有很多切割函數(shù),其中mb_substr是按字來切分字符,而mb_strcut是按字節(jié)來切分字符,但是都不會產(chǎn)生半個字符的現(xiàn)象。而且從函數(shù)切割對長度的作用也不同,mb_strcut的切割條件是小于strlen, mb_substr是等于strlen,看下面的例子,
<ol class="dp-xml"> <li class="alt"><span><span class="tag"><span>?? ?</span></span></span></li> <li> <span>$</span><span class="attribute">str</span><span>?=?‘我是一串比較長的中文-www.jefflei.com’; ?</span> </li> <li class="alt"><span>echo?“mb_substr:”?.?mb_substr($str,?0,?6,?‘utf-8′); ?</span></li> <li><span>echo?” ?</span></li> <li class="alt"><span>“; ?</span></li> <li><span>echo?“mb_strcut:”?.?mb_strcut($str,?0,?6,?‘utf-8′); ?</span></li> <li class="alt"> <span class="tag">?></span><span>?</span> </li> <li><span>?</span></li> </ol>
輸出如下:
mb_substr:我是一串比較
mb_strcut:我是
需要注意的是,PHP字符串mbstring并不是PHP核心函數(shù),使用前需要確保在php編譯模塊時加入mbstring的支持:
(1)編譯時使用–enable-mbstring
(2)修改/usr/local/lib/php.inc
default_charset = “zh-cn”
mbstring.language = zh-cn
mbstring.internal_encoding =zh-cn
PHP字符串mbstring類庫內容比較多,還包括mb_ send_ mail 之類的email處理函數(shù)等

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