php生成xml簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)例代碼
Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:20 PM
當(dāng)處理基于XML應(yīng)用程序時(shí)，開(kāi)發(fā)者經(jīng)常需要建立XML編碼數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)。例如，Web中基于用戶(hù)輸入的XML狀態(tài)模板，服務(wù)器請(qǐng)求XML語(yǔ)句，以及基于運(yùn)行時(shí)間參數(shù)的客戶(hù)響應(yīng)。
盡管XML數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)建比較費(fèi)時(shí)，但如果使用成熟的PHP DOM應(yīng)用程序接口，一切都會(huì)變得簡(jiǎn)單明了。本文將向你介紹PHP DOM應(yīng)用程序接口的主要功能，演示如何生成一個(gè)正確的XML完整文件并將其保存到磁盤(pán)中。
創(chuàng)建文檔類(lèi)型聲明
一般而言，XML聲明放在文檔頂部。在PHP中聲明十分簡(jiǎn)單：只需實(shí)例化一個(gè)DOM文檔類(lèi)的對(duì)象并賦予它一個(gè)版本號(hào)。查看程序清單A：
程序清單 A
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
// create doctype
$dom = new DOMDocument("1.0");
// display document in browser as plain text
// display document in browser as plain text
// for readability purposes
header("Content-Type: text/plain");
// save and display tree
echo $dom->saveXML();
?>
請(qǐng)注意DOM文檔對(duì)象的saveXML()方法。稍后我再詳細(xì)介紹這一方法，現(xiàn)在你只需要簡(jiǎn)單認(rèn)識(shí)到它用于輸出XML文檔的當(dāng)前快照到一個(gè)文件或?yàn)g覽器。在本例，為增強(qiáng)可讀性，我已經(jīng)將ASCII碼文本直接輸出至瀏覽器。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，可將以text/XML頭文件發(fā)送到瀏覽器。
如在瀏覽器中查看輸出，你可看到如下代碼：
添加元素和文本節(jié)點(diǎn)
XML真正強(qiáng)大的功能是來(lái)自其元素與封裝的內(nèi)容。幸運(yùn)的是，一旦你初始化DOM文檔，很多操作變得很簡(jiǎn)單。此過(guò)程包含如下兩步驟：
對(duì)想添加的每一元素或文本節(jié)點(diǎn)，通過(guò)元素名或文本內(nèi)容調(diào)用DOM文檔對(duì)象的createElement()或createTextNode()方法。這將創(chuàng)建對(duì)應(yīng)于元素或文本節(jié)點(diǎn)的新對(duì)象。
通過(guò)調(diào)用節(jié)點(diǎn)的appendChild()方法，并把其傳遞給上一步中創(chuàng)建的對(duì)象，并在XML文檔樹(shù)中將元素或文本節(jié)點(diǎn)添加到父節(jié)點(diǎn)。
以下范例將清楚地演示這2步驟，請(qǐng)查看程序清單B。
程序清單 B
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
// create doctype
$dom = new DOMDocument("1.0");
// display document in browser as plain text
// for readability purposes
header("Content-Type: text/plain");
// create root element
$root = $dom->createElement("toppings");
$dom->appendChild($root);
// create child element
$item = $dom->createElement("item");
$root->appendChild($item);
// create text node
$text = $dom->createTextNode("pepperoni");
$item->appendChild($text);
// save and display tree
echo $dom->saveXML();
?>
這 里，我首先創(chuàng)建一個(gè)名字為
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
如果你想添加另外一個(gè)topping，只需創(chuàng)建另外一個(gè)
程序清單C
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
// create doctype
$dom = new DOMDocument("1.0");
// display document in browser as plain text
// for readability purposes
header("Content-Type: text/plain");
// create root element
$root = $dom->createElement("toppings");
$dom->appendChild($root);
// create child element
$item = $dom->createElement("item");
$root->appendChild($item);
// create text node
$text = $dom->createTextNode("pepperoni");
$item->appendChild($text);
// create child element
$item = $dom->createElement("item");
$root->appendChild($item);
// create another text node
$text = $dom->createTextNode("tomato");
$item->appendChild($text);
// save and display tree
echo $dom->saveXML();
?>
以下是執(zhí)行程序清單C后的輸出：
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
添加屬性
通過(guò)使用屬性，你也可以添加適合的信息到元素。對(duì)于PHP DOM API，添加屬性需要兩步：首先用DOM文檔對(duì)象的createAttribute()方法創(chuàng)建擁有此屬性名字的節(jié)點(diǎn)，然后將文檔節(jié)點(diǎn)添加到擁有屬性值的屬性節(jié)點(diǎn)。詳見(jiàn)程序清單D。
程序清單 D
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
// create doctype
$dom = new DOMDocument("1.0");
// display document in browser as plain text
// for readability purposes
header("Content-Type: text/plain");
// create root element
$root = $dom->createElement("toppings");
$dom->appendChild($root);
// create child element
$item = $dom->createElement("item");
$root->appendChild($item);
// create text node
$text = $dom->createTextNode("pepperoni");
$item->appendChild($text);
// create attribute node
$price = $dom->createAttribute("price");
$item->appendChild($price);
// create attribute value node
$priceValue = $dom->createTextNode("4");
$price->appendChild($priceValue);
// save and display tree
echo $dom->saveXML();
?>
輸出如下所示：
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
添加CDATA模塊和過(guò)程向?qū)?
雖然不經(jīng)常使用CDATA模塊和過(guò)程向?qū)?，但是通過(guò)調(diào)用DOM文檔對(duì)象的createCDATASection()和createProcessingInstruction()方法， PHP API 也能很好地支持CDATA和過(guò)程向?qū)?，?qǐng)見(jiàn)程序清單E。
程序清單 E
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
// create doctype
// create doctype
$dom = new DOMDocument("1.0");
// display document in browser as plain text
// for readability purposes
header("Content-Type: text/plain");
// create root element
$root = $dom->createElement("toppings");
$dom->appendChild($root);
// create child element
$item = $dom->createElement("item");
$root->appendChild($item);
// create text node
$text = $dom->createTextNode("pepperoni");
$item->appendChild($text);
// create attribute node
$price = $dom->createAttribute("price");
$item->appendChild($price);
// create attribute value node
$priceValue = $dom->createTextNode("4");
$price->appendChild($priceValue);
// create CDATA section
$cdata = $dom->createCDATASection(" Customer requests that pizza be sliced into 16 square pieces ");
$root->appendChild($cdata);
// create PI
$pi = $dom->createProcessingInstruction("pizza", "bake()");
$root->appendChild($pi);
// save and display tree
echo $dom->saveXML();
?>
輸出如下所示：
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
Customer requests that pizza be sliced into 16 square pieces
]]>
保存結(jié)果
一旦已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)，就可以將結(jié)果保存在一個(gè)文件或存儲(chǔ)于PHP的變量。通過(guò)調(diào)用帶有文件名的save()方法可以將結(jié)果保存在文件中，而通過(guò)調(diào)用saveXML()方法可存儲(chǔ)于PHP的變量。請(qǐng)參考以下實(shí)例(程序清單F)：
程序清單 F
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
// create doctype
$dom = new DOMDocument("1.0");
// create root element
$root = $dom->createElement("toppings");
$dom->appendChild($root);
$dom->formatOutput=true;
// create child element
$item = $dom->createElement("item");
$root->appendChild($item);
// create text node
$text = $dom->createTextNode("pepperoni");
$item->appendChild($text);
// create attribute node
$price = $dom->createAttribute("price");
$item->appendChild($price);
// create attribute value node
$priceValue = $dom->createTextNode("4");
$price->appendChild($priceValue);
// create CDATA section
$cdata = $dom->createCDATASection(" Customer requests that pizza be
sliced into 16 square pieces ");
$root->appendChild($cdata);
// create PI
$pi = $dom->createProcessingInstruction("pizza", "bake()");
$root->appendChild($pi);
// save tree to file
$dom->save("order.xml");
// save tree to string
$order = $dom->save("order.xml");
?>
下面是實(shí)際的例子，大家可以測(cè)試下。
xml.php(生成xml)
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
$conn = mysql_connect('localhost', 'root', '123456') or die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
mysql_select_db('vdigital', $conn) or die ('Can\'t use database : ' . mysql_error());
$str = "SELECT id,username FROM `admin` GROUP BY `id` ORDER BY `id` ASC";
$result = mysql_query($str) or die("Invalid query: " . mysql_error());
if($result)
{
$xmlDoc = new DOMDocument();
if(!file_exists("01.xml")){
$xmlstr = "
$xmlDoc->loadXML($xmlstr);
$xmlDoc->save("01.xml");
}
else { $xmlDoc->load("01.xml");}
$Root = $xmlDoc->documentElement;
while ($arr = mysql_fetch_array($result)){
$node1 = $xmlDoc->createElement("id");
$text = $xmlDoc->createTextNode(iconv("GB2312","UTF-8",$arr["id"]));
$node1->appendChild($text);
$node2 = $xmlDoc->createElement("name");
$text2 = $xmlDoc->createTextNode(iconv("GB2312","UTF-8",$arr["username"]));
$node2->appendChild($text2);
$Root->appendChild($node1);
$Root->appendChild($node2);
$xmlDoc->save("01.xml");
}
}
mysql_close($conn);
?>
test.php(應(yīng)用測(cè)試)
復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:
$xmlDoc = new DOMDocument();
$xmlDoc->load("http://localhost/xml/xml.php");
$x=$xmlDoc->getElementsByTagName('name');
for ($i=0; $ilength-1; $i++)
{
if(strpos($x->item($i)->nodeValue,"fang")!==false)
{
echo $x->item($i)->parentNode->childNodes->item(1)->nodeValue;
}
}
?>
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