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How to implement a simple student information management system in python
How to implement a simple student information management system in python
May 12, 2023 am 09:43 AM
1. System functions
1. Enter student information
2. Search student information
3. Modify student information
4. Delete students Information
5. Grade sorting
6. Statistics of the total number of students
7. Display all student information
0. Exit the system
2. System development environment
1. Operating system: win7
2. Development tools: PyCharm
3. Python built-in modules: os,re
3. Implementation code
import os
filename='students.txt'
def main():
while True:
menum()
choice=int(input('請(qǐng)選擇功能：'))
if choice in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]:
if choice==0:
answer=input('您確定要退出系統(tǒng)嗎？(y/n)')
if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
print('感謝您的使用！')
break #退出while循環(huán)并退出系統(tǒng)
else:
continue
elif choice == 1:
insert() #錄入學(xué)生信息
elif choice == 2:
search() #查找學(xué)生信息
elif choice == 3:
delete() #刪除學(xué)生信息
elif choice == 4:
modify() #修改學(xué)生信息
elif choice == 5:
sort() #成績(jī)排序
elif choice == 6:
total() #統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)生總?cè)藬?shù)
elif choice == 7:
show() #顯示所有學(xué)生信息
def insert():
student_list=[] #用于存儲(chǔ)學(xué)生信息，列表每個(gè)元素是字典。
while True:
id=input('請(qǐng)輸入學(xué)生ID：')
if not id:
break
name=input('請(qǐng)輸入學(xué)生姓名：')
if not name:
break
try:
Englist=int(input('請(qǐng)輸入英語成績(jī)：'))
Python=int(input('請(qǐng)輸入Python成績(jī)：'))
Java=int(input('請(qǐng)輸入Java成績(jī)：'))
except:
print('輸入無效，不是整數(shù)類型，請(qǐng)重新輸入！')
continue
#將錄入的學(xué)生信息保存到字典中
student={'id':id,'name':name,'English':Englist,'Python':Python,'Java':Java}
#將學(xué)生信息添加到列表中
student_list.append(student)
answer=input('是否繼續(xù)添加？(y/n)')
if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
continue
else:
break
#將學(xué)生信息保存在文件中
save(student_list)
print('學(xué)生信息錄入完畢！')
pass
def search():
student_query=[] #用列表存儲(chǔ)，防止有同名學(xué)生。
while True:
id=''
name=''
if os.path.exists(filename):
mode=input('按ID查找請(qǐng)輸入1，按姓名查找請(qǐng)輸入2：')
if mode == '1':
id=input('請(qǐng)輸入要查找的學(xué)生ID：')
elif mode == '2':
name=input('請(qǐng)輸入要查找的學(xué)生姓名：')
else:
print('您的輸入有誤，請(qǐng)重新輸入！')
search()
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student=rfile.readlines()
for item in student:
d=dict(eval(item))
if id!='':
if d['id']==id:
student_query.append(d)
elif name!='':
if d['name']==name:
student_query.append(d)
#顯示查詢結(jié)果
show_student(student_query)
student_query.clear() #清空列表
answer=input('是否要繼續(xù)查詢？(y/n)')
if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
continue
else:
break
else:
print('暫未保存學(xué)生信息。')
return
pass
def delete():
while True:
student_id=input('請(qǐng)輸入要?jiǎng)h除的學(xué)生ID：')
if student_id != '':
if os.path.exists(filename): #判斷文件是否存在
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
student_old=file.readlines() #讀取所有學(xué)生信息并保存在列表中
else:
student_old=[]
flag=False #用于標(biāo)記是否刪除
if student_old:
with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
d={}
for item in student_old: #遍歷學(xué)生信息列表
d=dict(eval(item)) #將字符串轉(zhuǎn)成字典
if d['id']!=student_id:
wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
else:
flag=True
if flag:
print(f'id為{student_id}的學(xué)生信息已被刪除')
else:
print(f'沒有找到ID為{student_id}的學(xué)生信息')
else:
print('無此學(xué)生信息')
break
show() #刪完之后重新顯示所有學(xué)生信息
answer=input('是否繼續(xù)刪除?(y/n)')
if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
continue
else:
break
pass
def modify():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename): #判斷文件是否存在
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student_old=rfile.readlines()
else:
return #結(jié)束函數(shù)
student_id=input('請(qǐng)輸入要修改信息的學(xué)生ID：')
with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
for item in student_old:
d=dict(eval(item))
if d['id']==student_id:
print('找到此學(xué)生信息，可以修改。')
while True:
try:
d['name']=input('請(qǐng)輸入學(xué)生姓名：')
d['English']=input('請(qǐng)輸入English成績(jī)：')
d['Python']=input('請(qǐng)輸入Python成績(jī)：')
d['Java']=input('請(qǐng)輸入Java成績(jī):')
except:
print('您的輸入有誤請(qǐng)重新輸入！')
else:
break
wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
print('修改成功！')
else:
wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
answer=input('是否繼續(xù)修改其他學(xué)生信息？(y/n)')
if answer=='y':
modify()
pass
def sort():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student_list=rfile.readlines()
student_new=[]
for item in student_list:
d=dict(eval(item))
student_new.append(d)
else:
return
asc_or_desc=input('請(qǐng)選擇(0：升序，1：降序)：')
if asc_or_desc=='0':
asc_or_desc_bool=False
elif asc_or_desc=='1':
asc_or_desc_bool=True
else:
print('您的輸入有誤，請(qǐng)重新輸入！')
sort()
mode=input('請(qǐng)選擇排序方式(0：按總成績(jī)排序，1：按English成績(jī)排序，2：按Python成績(jī)排序，3：按Java成績(jī)排序)')
if mode=='0':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['English'])+int(x['Python'])+int(x['Java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='1':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['English']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='2':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['Python']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='3':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['Java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
else:
print('您的輸入有誤，請(qǐng)重新輸入！')
sort()
show_student(student_new)
pass
def total():
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
students=rfile.readlines()
if students:
print(f'一共有{len(students)}名學(xué)生')
else:
print('還沒有錄入學(xué)生信息！')
else:
print('暫未保存學(xué)生信息......')
pass
def show():
student_lst=[]
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
students=rfile.readlines()
for item in students:
student_lst.append(eval(item))
if student_lst:
show_student(student_lst)
else:
print('暫未保存過數(shù)據(jù)！')
pass
def save(stu_list):
try:
stu_txt=open(filename,'a',encoding='utf=8')
except:
stu_txt=open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8')
for item in stu_list:
stu_txt.write(str(item)+'\n')
stu_txt.close()
def show_student(lst):
if len(lst)==0:
print('沒有查到學(xué)生信息，無數(shù)據(jù)顯示！')
return
#定義標(biāo)題顯示格式
format_title='{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
print(format_title.format('ID','姓名','English成績(jī)','Python成績(jī)','Java成績(jī)','總成績(jī)'))
#定義內(nèi)容顯示格式
format_data='{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^10}\t{:^18}\t{:^14}\t{:^8}'
for item in lst:
print(format_data.format(item.get('id'),item.get('name'),item.get('English'),item.get('Python'),item.get('Java'),str(int(item.get('English'))+int(item.get('Python'))+int(item.get('Java')))))
pass
def menum():
print('-------------------學(xué)生信息管理系統(tǒng)--------------------')
print('-----------------------功能菜單------------------------')
print(' 1.錄入學(xué)生信息')
print(' 2.查找學(xué)生信息')
print(' 3.刪除學(xué)生信息')
print(' 4.修改學(xué)生信息')
print(' 5.成績(jī)排序')
print(' 6.統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)生總?cè)藬?shù)')
print(' 7.顯示所有學(xué)生信息')
print(' 0.退出系統(tǒng)')
print('------------------------------------------------------')
main()4. Package the project and generate the .exe executable file
1. Install the third-party module, open the dos window, enter: pip install PyInstaller and press Enter,
2. Enter: pyinstaller -F the specific location of the program file,
3. After pressing Enter, you can see the location of the .exe file in the penultimate line of the output content.
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