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Home Backend Development C++ Does C++ function overloading apply to constructors and destructors?

Does C++ function overloading apply to constructors and destructors?

Apr 14, 2024 am 09:03 AM
c++ function overloading

C constructors support overloading, but destructors do not. Constructors can have different parameter lists, while destructors can only have an empty parameter list because it is automatically called when destroying a class instance without input parameters.

C++ 函數(shù)重載是否適用于構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)?

# Does function overloading in C apply to constructors and destructors?

Introduction

Function overloading allows functions to have different parameter lists with the same name. This allows the same function name to be used in slightly different ways in different scenarios. This article explores whether function overloading applies to constructors and destructors in C.

Constructor

Constructor is used to create an instance of a class. C allows multiple constructors for the same class, each with a different parameter list. This is called constructor overloading. For example:

class MyClass {
public:
    MyClass() {}    // 默認(rèn)構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    MyClass(int a) {}   // 帶有一個(gè) int 參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)
};

Destructor

The destructor is used to destroy instances of a class. Similar to constructors, C also allows multiple destructors for the same class, but they can only have one argument list, which must be empty. This is because the destructor is always called when a class instance is destroyed and it should not accept any parameters. Therefore, destructors cannot be overloaded.

Practical case

The following example shows constructor overloading:

#include <iostream>

class Shape {
public:
    Shape() {}    // 默認(rèn)構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    Shape(int width) : m_width(width) {}   // 帶有一個(gè) int 參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)
private:
    int m_width;
};

int main() {
    Shape s1;       // 調(diào)用默認(rèn)構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    Shape s2(5);    // 調(diào)用帶有一個(gè) int 參數(shù)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    std::cout << s2.m_width << std::endl;  // 輸出 5
    return 0;
}

Conclusion

Constructors can be overloaded, but destructors cannot. Because destructor is always called when a class instance is destroyed and should not accept any parameters.

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