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Home php教程 php手冊(cè) Memcache PHP簡(jiǎn)單教程

Memcache PHP簡(jiǎn)單教程

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:07 PM
memcache php Tutorial Purpose Simple Views

近期項(xiàng)目的訪問量較大,對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的讀取較為頻繁,服務(wù)器有點(diǎn)扛不住的趨勢(shì),使用緩存就是一個(gè)迫在眉睫的事情。 經(jīng)過網(wǎng)上的各種遍歷,最終使用了memcache作緩存。 由于網(wǎng)上關(guān)于memcache的教程甚少,在此把收集的相關(guān)資料和使用的心得整理一下。 關(guān)于Memcache

近期項(xiàng)目的訪問量較大,對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的讀取較為頻繁,服務(wù)器有點(diǎn)扛不住的趨勢(shì),使用緩存就是一個(gè)迫在眉睫的事情。

經(jīng)過網(wǎng)上的各種遍歷,最終使用了memcache作緩存。

由于網(wǎng)上關(guān)于memcache的教程甚少,在此把收集的相關(guān)資料和使用的心得整理一下。


關(guān)于Memcache

我簡(jiǎn)單的理解為使用內(nèi)存存儲(chǔ)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),好三俗。。。其他的自己google去。。。


安裝Memcache

需要安裝兩個(gè)東西,一個(gè)是memcached主程序,一個(gè)是PHP擴(kuò)展。

目前最新的Memcache是1.4.15,具體可以看官網(wǎng):http://memcached.org/

具體安裝安裝方法:

英文版:https://code.google.com/p/memcached/wiki/NewInstallFromSource

中文版:http://www.ccvita.com/259.html

Win版:http://www.ccvita.com/258.html


PHP使用Memcache

<?php //連接  
$mem = new Memcache;  
$mem->connect("192.168.0.100", 12000);    
//保存數(shù)據(jù)  
$mem->set('key1', 'This is first value', 0, 3600); 
$val = $mem->get('key1');  
echo "Get key1 value: " . $val ."<br>";    
//保存數(shù)組  
$arr = array('aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'ddd');  
$mem->set('key2', $arr, 0, 60);  
$val2 = $mem->get('key2');  
echo "Get key2 value: ";  
print_r($val2);  
echo "<br>";    
//刪除數(shù)據(jù)  
$mem->delete('key1');  
$val = $mem->get('key1');  
echo "Get key1 value: " . $val . "<br>";    
//清除所有數(shù)據(jù)  
$mem->flush();  
$val2 = $mem->get('key2');  
echo "Get key2 value: ";  
print_r($val2);  
echo "<br>";    
//關(guān)閉連接  
$mem->close();  
?>

瀏覽器的輸出結(jié)果為:

Get key1 value: This is first value

Get key2 value: Array ( [0] => aaa [1] => bbb [2] => ccc [3] => ddd )

Get key1 value:

Get key2 value:


代碼分析

$mem = new Memcache;

初始化一個(gè)Memcache的對(duì)象。

$mem->connect("192.168.0.100", 12000);

連接到Memcache服務(wù)器端,第一個(gè)參數(shù)是服務(wù)器的IP地址,也可以是主機(jī)名,第二個(gè)參數(shù)是Memcache的開放的端口。

跟Mysql一樣,同樣有pconnect($host, $port)的長(zhǎng)連接方法,這個(gè)方法不能被close關(guān)閉。

$mem->set('key1', 'This is first value', 0, 3600);

保存一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)到Memcache服務(wù)器上,第一個(gè)參數(shù)是數(shù)據(jù)的key,用來定位一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)(索引),第二個(gè)參數(shù)是需要保存的數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容,這里是一個(gè)字符串,第三個(gè)參數(shù)是一個(gè)標(biāo)記,一般設(shè)置為0或者M(jìn)EMCACHE_COMPRESSED(壓縮),第四個(gè)參數(shù)是數(shù)據(jù)的有效期,就是說數(shù)據(jù)在這個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)是有效的,如果過去這個(gè)時(shí)間,那么會(huì)被Memcache服務(wù)器端清除掉這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù),單位是秒,如果設(shè)置為0,則是永遠(yuǎn)有效,我們這里設(shè)置了3600,就是一個(gè)小時(shí)。

同時(shí)我還發(fā)現(xiàn)還有add()和replace()方法,一個(gè)插數(shù)據(jù)一個(gè)修改數(shù)據(jù),set是他們的綜合版啊。

$val = $mem->get('key1');

從Memcache服務(wù)器端獲取一條數(shù)據(jù),它只有一個(gè)參數(shù),就是需要獲取數(shù)據(jù)的key,我們這里是上一步設(shè)置的key1。

$arr = array('aaa', 'bbb', 'ccc', 'ddd');
$mem->set('key2', $arr, 0, 60); 

同樣的,Memcache也是可以保存數(shù)組的。

$mem->delete('key1');

同樣的,刪除也通過這個(gè)key來刪除單條內(nèi)容。

$mem->flush();

清除Memcache服務(wù)器上的數(shù)據(jù),慎用喔,如果服務(wù)器上有別人的緩存的話。

關(guān)于Memcache的更多方法,請(qǐng)看這個(gè):http://www.php.net/memcache

還有分布式應(yīng)用先看著這篇吧。http://www.ccvita.com/395.html


Memadmin管理工具

在此推薦一個(gè)工具:memadmin

這是個(gè)對(duì)Memcache進(jìn)行管理的程序,功能強(qiáng)大,界面美觀,可以提升開發(fā)和debug效率喔,具體使用方法一看就懂,不做介紹啦。

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