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  • How do I fetch data from a result set using mysqli_fetch_assoc() or PDO::fetch()?
    How do I fetch data from a result set using mysqli_fetch_assoc() or PDO::fetch()?
    The main difference between mysqli_fetch_assoc() and PDO::fetch() is its extension and functional flexibility. 1.mysqli_fetch_assoc() is part of the mysqli extension, and only supports MySQL databases, and the return result is an associative array; 2.PDO::fetch() is a more general PDO extension, supports multiple databases, and can set the return type such as associative array (PDO::FETCH_ASSOC), numeric array (PDO::FETCH_NUM) or object (PDO::FETCH_OBJ); 3. When using mysqli, you need to manually release the result set, and PDO will exceed the statement object.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 1025 2025-06-19 18:21:11
  • What are named arguments in PHP 8?
    What are named arguments in PHP 8?
    NamedargumentsinPHP8allowpassingvaluestoafunctionbyspecifyingtheparameternameinsteadofrelyingonparameterorder.1.Theyimprovecodereadabilitybymakingfunctioncallsself-documenting,asseeninexampleslikeresizeImage(width:100,height:50,preserveRatio:true,ups
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 565 2025-06-19 18:05:11
  • How to use arrow functions in PHP?
    How to use arrow functions in PHP?
    PHP7.4introducedarrowfunctions,similartoJavaScript’s,forconciseanonymousfunctionsyntax.1.Usetheminone-linecallbackslikearray_maporarray_filtertosimplifycode.2.Theyautomaticallyinheritparentscopevariableswithoutthe"use"keyword.3.Avoidcomplex
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 934 2025-06-19 17:45:12
  • How do I log errors and exceptions in PHP?
    How do I log errors and exceptions in PHP?
    Methods to configure PHP error and exception logging include: 1. Set the appropriate error reporting level, use E_ALL in the development environment, and block E_NOTICE and other non-critical errors in the production environment; 2. Use the error_log() function to manually record specific events or exceptions, which can be captured and written in try-catch; 3. Configure php.ini to enable automatic logging, set log_errors=On and error_log paths, or implement it through .htaccess and ini_set; 4. Use log libraries such as Monolog to improve flexibility, support recording to files, databases, external services, and provide structured logs and context information.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 435 2025-06-19 17:17:11
  • How do I perform arithmetic operations in PHP ( , -, *, /, %)?
    How do I perform arithmetic operations in PHP ( , -, *, /, %)?
    The methods of using basic mathematical operations in PHP are as follows: 1. Addition signs support integers and floating-point numbers, and can also be used for variables. String numbers will be automatically converted but not recommended to dependencies; 2. Subtraction signs use - signs, variables are the same, and type conversion is also applicable; 3. Multiplication signs use * signs, which are suitable for numbers and similar strings; 4. Division uses / signs, which need to avoid dividing by zero, and note that the result may be floating-point numbers; 5. Taking the modulus signs can be used to judge odd and even numbers, and when processing negative numbers, the remainder signs are consistent with the dividend. The key to using these operators correctly is to ensure that the data types are clear and the boundary situation is handled well.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 314 2025-06-19 17:13:11
  • What are some common design patterns frequently implemented in PHP applications (e.g., Singleton, Factory, Observer)?
    What are some common design patterns frequently implemented in PHP applications (e.g., Singleton, Factory, Observer)?
    ThemostcommonlyuseddesignpatternsinPHPapplicationsincludetheSingleton,Factory,andObserverpatterns.1.TheSingletonpatternensuresonlyoneinstanceofaclassexists,makingitidealformanagingsharedresourceslikedatabaseconnectionsbyrestrictinginstantiationthroug
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 603 2025-06-19 01:11:00
  • What are the differences between == (loose comparison) and === (strict comparison) in PHP?
    What are the differences between == (loose comparison) and === (strict comparison) in PHP?
    In PHP, the main difference between == and == is the strictness of type checking. ==Type conversion will be performed before comparison, for example, 5=="5" returns true, and ===Request that the value and type are the same before true will be returned, for example, 5==="5" returns false. In usage scenarios, === is more secure and should be used first, and == is only used when type conversion is required.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 516 2025-06-19 01:07:50
  • How can you interact with NoSQL databases (e.g., MongoDB, Redis) from PHP?
    How can you interact with NoSQL databases (e.g., MongoDB, Redis) from PHP?
    Yes, PHP can interact with NoSQL databases like MongoDB and Redis through specific extensions or libraries. First, use the MongoDBPHP driver (installed through PECL or Composer) to create client instances and operate databases and collections, supporting insertion, query, aggregation and other operations; second, use the Predis library or phpredis extension to connect to Redis, perform key-value settings and acquisitions, and recommend phpredis for high-performance scenarios, while Predis is convenient for rapid deployment; both are suitable for production environments and are well-documented.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 366 2025-06-19 01:07:31
  • How can you handle file uploads securely in PHP?
    How can you handle file uploads securely in PHP?
    To safely handle file uploads in PHP, the core is to verify file types, rename files, and restrict permissions. 1. Use finfo_file() to check the real MIME type, and only specific types such as image/jpeg are allowed; 2. Use uniqid() to generate random file names and store them in non-Web root directory; 3. Limit file size through php.ini and HTML forms, and set directory permissions to 0755; 4. Use ClamAV to scan malware to enhance security. These steps effectively prevent security vulnerabilities and ensure that the file upload process is safe and reliable.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 1143 2025-06-19 01:05:01
  • How can Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities be mitigated in PHP applications?
    How can Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities be mitigated in PHP applications?
    To mitigate XSS vulnerabilities in PHP applications, we need to start from four aspects: input filtering, output escape, CSP policy and framework security functions. 1. Verify and filter all user input, use filter_var() function to verify the data format, and purify the HTML content through HTMLPurifier; 2. Escape according to the context when output, such as using htmlspecialchars() to process HTML content, and embed JavaScript with json_encode(); 3. Enable content security policy (CSP), set HTTP headers to limit the source of scripts, and you can first use the Report-Only mode to collect information during the development stage; 4. Use the built-in mechanism of the framework, such as Lar
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 1025 2025-06-19 01:03:50
  • Can you explain the SOLID principles and how they apply to PHP OOP design?
    Can you explain the SOLID principles and how they apply to PHP OOP design?
    SOLID principle improves code maintainability and scalability through five core principles in PHP object-oriented design. 1. The single responsibility principle (SRP) requires that each class has only one responsibility, and the separation of concerns is achieved through splitting functions; 2. The opening and closing principle (OCP) advocates extending behavior through interfaces or combinations rather than modifying the original code; 3. The Richter replacement principle (LSP) ensures that subclasses can replace the parent class without destroying logic and avoid behavior inconsistencies; 4. The interface isolation principle (ISP) recommends defining fine-grained interfaces to avoid redundant dependencies; 5. The dependency inversion principle (DIP) decoupling high-level and underlying modules by relying on abstract types (such as interfaces) rather than concrete implementation, and is commonly implemented by dependency injection.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 636 2025-06-19 01:02:31
  • How does PHP handle file system operations, and what are the security considerations?
    How does PHP handle file system operations, and what are the security considerations?
    PHP handles file system operations through built-in functions, but needs to pay attention to security risks. Common functions include fopen(), file_get_contents(), unlink(), etc., which are used to read, write, delete and check files; user input must be verified during operation to prevent path traversal attacks; script access to directories should be restricted through open_basedir; reasonable permissions should be set to avoid sensitive files being read and written; verification of types and renaming when uploading files; performance is recommended to use buffer reading and regular cleaning of temporary files. Following best practices can improve safety and efficiency.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 656 2025-06-19 01:00:51
  • How can prepared statements in PDO or MySQLi help prevent SQL injection vulnerabilities?
    How can prepared statements in PDO or MySQLi help prevent SQL injection vulnerabilities?
    The core of prevention of SQL injection lies in the use of preprocessing statements, which is the principle of separating SQL logic from data to prevent attackers from manipulating queries. The specific approach is: first define SQL queries with placeholders; then bind data values ??separately to ensure that the input is always regarded as data rather than executable code; finally, secure queries are implemented through PDO or MySQLi to avoid vulnerabilities and risks caused by manual escaping.
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 254 2025-06-19 00:56:20
  • What are PHP's magic methods (e.g., __construct, __destruct, __call), and how are they utilized?
    What are PHP's magic methods (e.g., __construct, __destruct, __call), and how are they utilized?
    PHP's magic method is a special built-in function that automatically triggers specific events in the response class. They start with double underscores, such as __construct is used to initialize attributes when object creation, __destruct is used to clean up resources when object destruction, __call and __callStatic handle undefined method calls, and there are __get/__set, __isset/__unset, __sleep/__wakeup, __toString and __invoke, respectively, used for property access control, serialization processing, object to strings and object as function calls. When using it, you should pay attention to the fact that the structure and destructor methods cannot be passed through parameters and avoid overloading. Dynamic methods should
    PHP Tutorial . Backend Development 533 2025-06-19 00:55:10

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