API? ?? ??????? ?????. Spring Boot? ?? API ??? ???? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????. ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? API? ??? API? ???? ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????. ??? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????. ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ? ??? ????.

?? 1: ?? ?? ?? ??

?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ? ???? ?3? ???? ?? ???? API? ??????. ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????. ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????. ? API? ??? ???? ??? ?????.

??: API? ???? ??? ??????. ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ??? ??? 500 ?? ?? ??? ??? ????.

?? ??: ?? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??????. Spring Boot? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????.

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
        return builder
                .setConnectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
                .setReadTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
                .additionalInterceptors(new RestTemplateLoggingInterceptor())
                .build();
    }

    // Custom interceptor to log request/response details
    @RequiredArgsConstructor
    public class RestTemplateLoggingInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {
        private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestTemplateLoggingInterceptor.class);

        @Override
        public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, 
                                          ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
            long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            log.info("Making request to: {}", request.getURI());

            ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);

            long duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
            log.info("Request completed in {}ms with status: {}", 
                    duration, response.getStatusCode());

            return response;
        }
    }
}

? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ? ??? ?? ??? ?????.

?? 2: ?? ???? ???? ??

?? ?? ????: ??? ???? ?? ???? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?????. ? API? ??? ???? ???? ?????. ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ? ?? ??? ??????.

??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ? ????.

??: ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????.

?? ??: ?? ?? ??? ??? ??????. Spring Cloud Resilience4j? ???? ??? ???? ?? ? ?????.

@Configuration
public class Resilience4jConfig {

    @Bean
    public CircuitBreakerConfig circuitBreakerConfig() {
        return CircuitBreakerConfig.custom()
                .failureRateThreshold(50)
                .waitDurationInOpenState(Duration.ofSeconds(60))
                .permittedNumberOfCallsInHalfOpenState(2)
                .slidingWindowSize(2)
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public RetryConfig retryConfig() {
        return RetryConfig.custom()
                .maxAttempts(3)
                .waitDuration(Duration.ofSeconds(2))
                .build();
    }
}

@Service
@Slf4j
public class ResilientService {

    private final CircuitBreaker circuitBreaker;
    private final RestTemplate restTemplate;

    public ResilientService(CircuitBreakerRegistry registry, RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        this.circuitBreaker = registry.circuitBreaker("internalService");
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    @CircuitBreaker(name = "internalService", fallbackMethod = "fallbackResponse")
    @Retry(name = "internalService")
    public String callInternalService() {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("https://internal-service.com/data", String.class);
    }

    public String fallbackResponse(Exception ex) {
        log.warn("Circuit breaker activated, returning fallback response", ex);
        return new FallbackResponse("Service temporarily unavailable", 
                                  getBackupData()).toJson();
    }

    private Object getBackupData() {
        // Implement cache or default data strategy
        return new CachedDataService().getLatestValidData();
    }
}

? ??? ??? ? API? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????.

?? 3: ??? ?? ??

?? ?? ????: ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?????. ? API??? ???? ??(?: ?? ??? HTTP 500)? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???????.

??: ???? ??? ?????? ???????, ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????.

?? ??: Spring? @ControllerAdvice ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??????. ?? ? ?? ??? ????.

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
        return builder
                .setConnectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
                .setReadTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(5))
                .additionalInterceptors(new RestTemplateLoggingInterceptor())
                .build();
    }

    // Custom interceptor to log request/response details
    @RequiredArgsConstructor
    public class RestTemplateLoggingInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {
        private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestTemplateLoggingInterceptor.class);

        @Override
        public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, 
                                          ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
            long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            log.info("Making request to: {}", request.getURI());

            ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);

            long duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
            log.info("Request completed in {}ms with status: {}", 
                    duration, response.getStatusCode());

            return response;
        }
    }
}

?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????.

?? 4: ?? ?? ??

?? ?? ????: ?? ??? ?, ???? ???? ????? API ???? ??????. ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? API? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????.

??: ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????.

?? ??: ? ??? ???? ?? Redis? ?? Bucket4j? ???? ?? ??? ??????. ?? ??? ????.

@Configuration
public class Resilience4jConfig {

    @Bean
    public CircuitBreakerConfig circuitBreakerConfig() {
        return CircuitBreakerConfig.custom()
                .failureRateThreshold(50)
                .waitDurationInOpenState(Duration.ofSeconds(60))
                .permittedNumberOfCallsInHalfOpenState(2)
                .slidingWindowSize(2)
                .build();
    }

    @Bean
    public RetryConfig retryConfig() {
        return RetryConfig.custom()
                .maxAttempts(3)
                .waitDuration(Duration.ofSeconds(2))
                .build();
    }
}

@Service
@Slf4j
public class ResilientService {

    private final CircuitBreaker circuitBreaker;
    private final RestTemplate restTemplate;

    public ResilientService(CircuitBreakerRegistry registry, RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        this.circuitBreaker = registry.circuitBreaker("internalService");
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    @CircuitBreaker(name = "internalService", fallbackMethod = "fallbackResponse")
    @Retry(name = "internalService")
    public String callInternalService() {
        return restTemplate.getForObject("https://internal-service.com/data", String.class);
    }

    public String fallbackResponse(Exception ex) {
        log.warn("Circuit breaker activated, returning fallback response", ex);
        return new FallbackResponse("Service temporarily unavailable", 
                                  getBackupData()).toJson();
    }

    private Object getBackupData() {
        // Implement cache or default data strategy
        return new CachedDataService().getLatestValidData();
    }
}

?? ?? ??? ??? ???? API? ???? ??? ?????.

?? 5: ?? ???? ???

?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ? ???? ??? ?? ?????.

??: ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????.

?? ??: ?? ??? ?? Spring Boot Actuator? ???? ??? ???? ?? Prometheus? Grafana? ??????.

@RestControllerAdvice
@Slf4j
public class GlobalExceptionHandler extends ResponseEntityExceptionHandler {

    @ExceptionHandler(HttpClientErrorException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleHttpClientError(HttpClientErrorException ex, 
                                                             WebRequest request) {
        log.error("Client error occurred", ex);

        ErrorResponse error = ErrorResponse.builder()
                .timestamp(LocalDateTime.now())
                .status(ex.getStatusCode().value())
                .message(sanitizeErrorMessage(ex.getMessage()))
                .path(((ServletWebRequest) request).getRequest().getRequestURI())
                .build();

        return ResponseEntity.status(ex.getStatusCode()).body(error);
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleGeneralException(Exception ex, 
                                                              WebRequest request) {
        log.error("Unexpected error occurred", ex);

        ErrorResponse error = ErrorResponse.builder()
                .timestamp(LocalDateTime.now())
                .status(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value())
                .message("An unexpected error occurred. Please try again later.")
                .path(((ServletWebRequest) request).getRequest().getRequestURI())
                .build();

        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR).body(error);
    }

    private String sanitizeErrorMessage(String message) {
        // Remove sensitive information from error messages
        return message.replaceAll("(password|secret|key)=\[.*?\]", "=[REDACTED]");
    }
}

?? ELK Stack(Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)? ???? ???? ??? ??????. ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????.

?????

??? ?? API? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ? ??? ?????. ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ????.

1. ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????.
2. ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????.
3. ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????.
4. ??? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????.

??? ??? ?? API ??? ???? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????!

?? ??: ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? API? ??? ? ??? ??? ???.

? ??? ???? API ??: ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ??? PHP ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????!