這篇文章分享微信公眾賬號(hào)開(kāi)發(fā)自定義菜單的經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)

????開(kāi)發(fā)公司的微信公眾賬號(hào)，在沒(méi)人指導(dǎo)沒(méi)有人商量的情況下沒(méi)少查資料、逛論壇。其中有多少酸甜苦辣，相信能進(jìn)來(lái)看見(jiàn)我的帖子的能體會(huì)的到。一年多來(lái)為了應(yīng)付公司的各種需求沒(méi)時(shí)間整理，今天我就把詳細(xì)的流程寫(xiě)下來(lái)供同樣遇到問(wèn)題的參考。微信公眾賬號(hào)幾種分類(lèi)相信大家都有了解。?訂閱號(hào)我表示無(wú)能為力。除非你能認(rèn)證通過(guò)。廢話(huà)少說(shuō)開(kāi)擼。
?????
????自定義菜單操作流程其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單?，就是執(zhí)行一段Java程序?將你公眾賬號(hào)的appid和封裝的菜單發(fā)送到騰訊服務(wù)器，騰訊服務(wù)器會(huì)根據(jù)你請(qǐng)求參數(shù)appid和封裝的菜單添加到對(duì)應(yīng)的公眾賬號(hào)，一定要羅嗦一句，?在Java?程序中執(zhí)行一次?main?方法就可以，下次修改重新執(zhí)行，不過(guò)會(huì)有緩存，取消重新關(guān)注就可以了。
????1?新建按鈕基類(lèi)???
????????public?class?Button?{
????????????//按鈕名稱(chēng)
????????????private?String?name;
?????????
????????????public?String?getName()?{
????????????????return?name;
????????????}
?????????
????????????public?void?setName(String?name)?{
????????????????this.name?=?name;
????????????}
????????}
????2,根據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)需求新建不同的按鈕類(lèi)?
?????????
????/**
?????*?view類(lèi)型的按鈕??點(diǎn)擊跳轉(zhuǎn)鏈接
?????*?
?????*/
????public?class?ViewButton?extends?Button?{
????????private?String?type;
????????private?String?url;
?????
????????public?String?getType()?{
????????????return?type;
????????}
?????
????????public?void?setType(String?type)?{
????????????this.type?=?type;
????????}
?????
????????public?String?getUrl()?{
????????????return?url;
????????}
?????
????????public?void?setUrl(String?url)?{
????????????this.url?=?url;
????????}
????}

? ? /**

?????* click類(lèi)型的按鈕 類(lèi)似于input type = 'button' 指定key 根據(jù)捕獲到的key處理相應(yīng)的業(yè)務(wù)

?????*?

?????*/

????public class ClickButton extends Button {

???? private String type;

???? private String key;

???? public String getType() {

???? return type;

???? }

???? public void setType(String type) {

???? this.type = type;

???? }

???? public String getKey() {

???? return key;

???? }

???? public void setKey(String key) {

???? this.key = key;

???? }

????}

????3 創(chuàng)建符合類(lèi)型的按鈕 ， 說(shuō)白了就是創(chuàng)建主菜單容器

/**

?* 復(fù)合類(lèi)型的按鈕

?*?

?*/

public class ComplexButton extends Button {

private Button[] sub_button;

public Button[] getSub_button() {

return sub_button;

}

public void setSub_button(Button[] sub_button) {

this.sub_button = sub_button;

}

}

4 創(chuàng)建菜單類(lèi)， 用于盛放 三個(gè)主菜單

/**

?* 菜單

?*/

public class Menu {

private Button[] button;

public Button[] getButton() {

return button;

}

public void setButton(Button[] button) {

this.button = button;

}

}

5 創(chuàng)建調(diào)用憑證類(lèi)Token 為執(zhí)行main方法調(diào)用騰訊接口做準(zhǔn)備

/**

?* 憑證

?*?

?*/

public class Token {

// 接口訪問(wèn)憑證

private String accessToken;

// 憑證有效期，單位：秒

private int expiresIn;

public String getAccessToken() {

return accessToken;

}

public void setAccessToken(String accessToken) {

this.accessToken = accessToken;

}

public int getExpiresIn() {

return expiresIn;

}

public void setExpiresIn(int expiresIn) {

this.expiresIn = expiresIn;

}

}

以下代碼我只做類(lèi)的描述。具體代碼功能看注釋。

6 為調(diào)用騰訊接口做準(zhǔn)備

????（1）創(chuàng)建通用工具類(lèi)

/**

?* 通用工具類(lèi)

?*?

?*/

public class CommonUtil {

private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CommonUtil.class);

/**

?* 獲取接口訪問(wèn)憑證

?*?

?* @param appid 憑證

?* @param appsecret 密鑰

?* @return

?*/

public static Token getToken(String appid, String appsecret) {

// 憑證獲取（GET）

String token_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";

Token token = null;

String requestUrl = token_url.replace("APPID", appid).replace("APPSECRET", appsecret);

// 發(fā)起GET請(qǐng)求獲取憑證

JSONObject jsonObject = httpsRequest(requestUrl, "GET", null);

if (null != jsonObject) {

try {

token = new Token();

token.setAccessToken(jsonObject.getString("access_token"));

token.setExpiresIn(jsonObject.getInt("expires_in"));

} catch (JSONException e) {

// 獲取token失敗

token = null;

}

}

return token;

}

/**

?* 發(fā)送https請(qǐng)求

?*?

?* @param requestUrl 請(qǐng)求地址

?* @param requestMethod 請(qǐng)求方式（GET、POST）

?* @param outputStr 提交的數(shù)據(jù)

?* @return JSONObject(通過(guò)JSONObject.get(key)的方式獲取json對(duì)象的屬性值)

?*/

public static JSONObject httpsRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr) {

JSONObject jsonObject = null;

try {

// 創(chuàng)建SSLContext對(duì)象，并使用我們指定的信任管理器初始化

TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() };

SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE");

sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());

// 從上述SSLContext對(duì)象中得到SSLSocketFactory對(duì)象

SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory();

URL url = new URL(requestUrl);

HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();

conn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);

conn.setDoOutput(true);

conn.setDoInput(true);

conn.setUseCaches(false);

// 設(shè)置請(qǐng)求方式（GET/POST）

conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);

// 當(dāng)outputStr不為null時(shí)向輸出流寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)

if (null != outputStr) {

OutputStream outputStream = conn.getOutputStream();

// 注意編碼格式

outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));

outputStream.close();

}

// 從輸入流讀取返回內(nèi)容

InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();

InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");

BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);

String str = null;

StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();

while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {

buffer.append(str);

}

// 釋放資源

bufferedReader.close();

inputStreamReader.close();

inputStream.close();

inputStream = null;

conn.disconnect();

jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString());

} catch (ConnectException ce) {

log.error("連接超時(shí)：{}", ce);

} catch (Exception e) {

log.error("https請(qǐng)求異常：{}", e);

}

return jsonObject;

}

}

（2）創(chuàng)建信任管理器

package com.test.util;

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;

import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

/**

?* 信任管理器

?*?

?*/

public class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

// 檢查客戶(hù)端證書(shū)

public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

}

// 檢查服務(wù)器端證書(shū)

public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {

}

// 返回受信任的X509證書(shū)數(shù)組

public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {

return null;

}

}

7 以上工作做完就可以創(chuàng)建自定義菜單了。創(chuàng)建自定義菜單管理類(lèi)。賦值 appId 和?appSecret ?運(yùn)行main方法， 搞定。

package com.test.menu;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

import com.test.bean.Button;

import com.test.bean.ComplexButton;

import com.test.bean.Menu;

import com.test.bean.Token;

import com.test.bean.ViewButton;

import com.test.util.CommonUtil;

/**

?* 菜單管理器類(lèi)

?*?

?*/

public class MenuManager {

private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MenuManager.class);

/**

?* 定義菜單結(jié)構(gòu)

?* @return

?*/

private static Menu getMenu() {

//定義子菜單

ViewButton btn1 = new ViewButton();

btn1.setName("子菜單1");

btn1.setType("view");

btn1.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");

ViewButton btn2 = new ViewButton();

btn2.setName("子菜單2");

btn2.setType("view");

btn2.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");

ViewButton btn3 = new ViewButton();

btn3.setName("子菜單3");

btn3.setType("view");

btn3.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");

ViewButton btn4 = new ViewButton();

btn4.setName("子菜單4");

btn4.setType("view");

btn4.setUrl("http://www.baidu.com");

ComplexButton mainBtn1 = new ComplexButton();

mainBtn1.setName("主菜單1");

mainBtn1.setSub_button(new Button[] { btn1,btn2});//微信規(guī)定最多五個(gè)子菜單

ComplexButton mainBtn2 = new ComplexButton(); ?

mainBtn2.setName("主菜單2");

mainBtn2.setSub_button(new Button[] { btn3});

ComplexButton mainBtn3 = new ComplexButton();?

mainBtn3.setName("主菜單3");

mainBtn3.setSub_button(new Button[] {btn4});

Menu menu = new Menu();

menu.setButton(new Button[] { mainBtn1, mainBtn2, mainBtn3 });

return menu;

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// 公眾賬號(hào)唯一憑證

1

String appId = "";

?//公眾賬號(hào)唯一憑證密鑰

String appSecret = "";

// 調(diào)用接口獲取憑證

Token token = CommonUtil.getToken(appId, appSecret);

if (null != token) {

// 創(chuàng)建菜單

boolean result = createMenu(getMenu(), token.getAccessToken());

// 判斷菜單創(chuàng)建結(jié)果

if (result)

log.info("菜單創(chuàng)建成功！");

else

log.info("菜單創(chuàng)建失?。?);

}

}

/**

?* 創(chuàng)建菜單

?*?

?* @param menu 菜單實(shí)例

?* @param accessToken 憑證

?* @return true成功 false失敗

?*/

public static boolean createMenu(Menu menu, String accessToken) {

boolean result = false;

String menu_create_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";

String url = menu_create_url.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken);

// 將菜單對(duì)象轉(zhuǎn)換成json字符串

String jsonMenu = JSONObject.fromObject(menu).toString();

// 發(fā)起POST請(qǐng)求創(chuàng)建菜單

JSONObject jsonObject = CommonUtil.httpsRequest(url, "POST", jsonMenu);

if (null != jsonObject) {

int errorCode = jsonObject.getInt("errcode");

String errorMsg = jsonObject.getString("errmsg");

if (0 == errorCode) {

result = true;

} else {

result = false;

log.error("創(chuàng)建菜單失敗 errcode:{} errmsg:{}", errorCode, errorMsg);

}

}

return result;

}

}

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