相信很多人對微信開發(fā)已經(jīng)不那么陌生，我也是從一個(gè)微信開發(fā)的菜鳥經(jīng)過各種問題的折磨，然后去搜索引擎搜索各種文章閱讀，但是基本都是零散的資料，沒有一個(gè)統(tǒng)一、系統(tǒng)的闡述微信應(yīng)用如何開發(fā)。作者結(jié)合自己的實(shí)際開發(fā)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，歸納整理出來分享給微信開發(fā)的入門者或正在研究的開發(fā)者。

這篇文章主要闡述如何搭建一個(gè)微信開發(fā)平臺。古人云：“磨刀不負(fù)砍才工”。我們開發(fā)應(yīng)用也需要準(zhǔn)備一些必要的條件。

?準(zhǔn)備工作

?1.? 下載 Jdk1.7? 安裝

?2.? 下載 Tomcat 7.0

?3.? 下載 Myeclipse 6.5

?4.? 下載 Json-lib第三方j(luò)ar .

1.??????申請一個(gè)公網(wǎng)IP地址，發(fā)布自己的應(yīng)用。

例如： 192.168.1.102

2.??????打開myeclipse 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)工程

如下圖所示：

?

3.? 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)微信應(yīng)用接入Servlet類

?

JAVA實(shí)現(xiàn)類 ：WeixinServlet?

package?com.wx.servlet;
import?java.io.IOException;
import?java.io.InputStream;
import?java.io.OutputStream;
import?java.security.MessageDigest;
import?java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import?java.util.Arrays;
import?java.util.logging.Logger;
import?javax.servlet.ServletException;
import?javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import?javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import?javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import?net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import?net.sf.json.xml.XMLSerializer;
?
/**
?*?@author?haibing.xiao
?*?@since?jdk1.6
?*?@version?1.0
?*/
public?class?WeixinServlet?extends?HttpServlet{
	private?Logger?log?=Logger.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
	private?static?final?long?serialVersionUID?=?1L;
	private???String?Token;
	private???String?echostr;
	@Override
	protected?void?doGet(HttpServletRequest?request,?HttpServletResponse?response)
			throws?ServletException,?IOException?{
		?connect(request,response);
	}
	@Override
	protected?void?doPost(HttpServletRequest?request,?HttpServletResponse?response)
			throws?ServletException,?IOException?{
		message(request,response);
	}
	?
	
	/**
	?*@author?haibing.xiao
	?*@return??
	?*@exception?
	?*@param
	?*?
	?*?<p>接入連接生效驗(yàn)證</p>
	?*/
	private?void?connect(HttpServletRequest?request,HttpServletResponse?response)?throws?ServletException,?IOException{
		log.info("RemoteAddr:?"+?request.getRemoteAddr());
		log.info("QueryString:?"+?request.getQueryString());
		?if(!accessing(request,?response)){
			?log.info("服務(wù)器接入失敗.......");
			?return?;
		?}
		String?echostr=getEchostr();
		if(echostr!=null?&&?!"".equals(echostr)){
				log.info("服務(wù)器接入生效..........");
				response.getWriter().print(echostr);//完成相互認(rèn)證
		}
	}
	/**
	?*?@author?haibing.xiao
	?*?Date?2013-05-29
	?*?@return?boolean
	?*?@exception?ServletException,?IOException
	?*?@param
	?*
	?*<p>用來接收微信公眾平臺的驗(yàn)證</p>?
	?*/
	private?boolean?accessing(HttpServletRequest?request,?HttpServletResponse?response)throws?ServletException,?IOException?{
		String?signature?=?request.getParameter("signature");
		String?timestamp?=?request.getParameter("timestamp");
		String?nonce?=?request.getParameter("nonce");
		String?echostr?=?request.getParameter("echostr");
		if(?isEmpty(signature)){
			return?false;
		}
		if(isEmpty(timestamp)){
			return?false;
		}
		if(isEmpty(nonce)){
			return?false;
		}
		if(isEmpty(echostr)){
			return?false;
		}
		String[]?ArrTmp?=?{?Token,?timestamp,?nonce?};
		Arrays.sort(ArrTmp);
		StringBuffer?sb?=?new?StringBuffer();
		for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?ArrTmp.length;?i++)?{
			sb.append(ArrTmp[i]);
		}
		String?pwd?=?Encrypt(sb.toString());
		?
	????log.info("signature:"+signature+"timestamp:"+timestamp+"nonce:"+nonce+"pwd:"+pwd+"echostr:"+echostr);
	????
	????if(trim(pwd).equals(trim(signature))){
	????	this.echostr?=echostr;
	????	return?true;
	????}else{
	????	return?false;
	????}
	}
	private?String?Encrypt(String?strSrc)?{
		MessageDigest?md?=?null;
		String?strDes?=?null;
		byte[]?bt?=?strSrc.getBytes();
		try?{
			md?=?MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
			md.update(bt);
			strDes?=?bytes2Hex(md.digest());?//to?HexString
		}?catch?(NoSuchAlgorithmException?e)?{
			System.out.println("Invalid?algorithm.");
			return?null;
		}
		return?strDes;
	}
	public?String?bytes2Hex(byte[]?bts)?{
		String?des?=?"";
		String?tmp?=?null;
		for?(int?i?=?0;?i?<?bts.length;?i++)?{
			tmp?=?(Integer.toHexString(bts[i]?&?0xFF));
			if?(tmp.length()?==?1)?{
				des?+=?"0";
			}
			des?+=?tmp;
		}
		return?des;
	}
	
	?
	public?String?getEchostr(){
		return?echostr;
	}
	/**
	?*@author?haibing.xiao
	?*@return??
	?*@exception?ServletException,?IOException
	?*@param
	?*?
	?*?<p>XML組裝組件</p>
	?*/
	?private?void?message(HttpServletRequest?request,HttpServletResponse?response)?throws?ServletException,?IOException{
		?
			InputStream?is?=?request.getInputStream();
			//?取HTTP請求流長度
			int?size?=?request.getContentLength();
			//?用于緩存每次讀取的數(shù)據(jù)
			byte[]?buffer?=?new?byte[size];
			//?用于存放結(jié)果的數(shù)組
			byte[]?xmldataByte?=?new?byte[size];
			int?count?=?0;
			int?rbyte?=?0;
			//?循環(huán)讀取
			while?(count?<?size)?{?
				//?每次實(shí)際讀取長度存于rbyte中
				rbyte?=?is.read(buffer);?
				for(int?i=0;i<rbyte;i++)?{
					xmldataByte[count?+?i]?=?buffer[i];
				}
				count?+=?rbyte;
			}
			is.close();
			String?requestStr?=?new?String(xmldataByte,?"UTF-8");
			
			
			try{
				manageMessage(requestStr,request,response);
			}catch(Exception?e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			
		}
?
	?
	/**
	?*?@author?haibing.xiao
	?*?@return?
	?*?@exception?ServletException,?IOException
	?*?@param
	?*?
	?*?<p>業(yè)務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)組件</p>
	?*?
	?*/
	??private?void??manageMessage(String?requestStr,HttpServletRequest?request,HttpServletResponse?response)throws?ServletException,IOException{
		????
		????String?responseStr;
		???
			try?{
				?XMLSerializer?xmlSerializer=new?XMLSerializer();
				?JSONObject?jsonObject?=(JSONObject)?xmlSerializer.read(requestStr);
				?String?event?=jsonObject.getString("Event");
				?String?msgtype?=jsonObject.getString("MsgType");
				?if("CLICK".equals(event)?&&?"event".equals(msgtype)){?//菜單click事件
					?String?eventkey?=jsonObject.getString("EventKey");
					?if("hytd_001".equals(eventkey)){?//?hytd_001?這是好友團(tuán)隊(duì)按鈕的標(biāo)志值
						?jsonObject.put("Content",?"歡迎使用好友團(tuán)隊(duì)菜單click按鈕.");
					?}
					
				?}
				?responseStr?=creatRevertText(jsonObject);//創(chuàng)建XML
				?log.info("responseStr:"+responseStr);
				?OutputStream?os?=response.getOutputStream();
				?os.write(responseStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));
			}???catch?(Exception?e)?{
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			
	}
	private?String?creatRevertText(JSONObject?jsonObject){
	????	StringBuffer?revert?=new?StringBuffer();
	????	revert.append("<xml>");
	????	revert.append("<ToUserName><![CDATA["+jsonObject.get("ToUserName")+"]]></ToUserName>");
	????	revert.append("<FromUserName><![CDATA["+jsonObject.get("FromUserName")+"]]></FromUserName>");
	????	revert.append("<CreateTime>"+jsonObject.get("CreateTime")+"</CreateTime>");
	????	revert.append("<MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>");
	????	revert.append("<Content><![CDATA["+jsonObject.get("Content")+"]]></Content>");
	????	revert.append("<FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag>");
	????	revert.append("</xml>");
	????	return?revert.toString();
	????}
	@Override
	public?void?init()?throws?ServletException?{
		Token="test123";
	}
	?
	private?boolean?isEmpty(String?str){
		return?null?==str?||?"".equals(str)???true?:false;
	}
	private?String?trim(String?str){
		return?null?!=str????str.trim()?:?str;
	}
	
}

?4.?? 本地部署應(yīng)用? 訪問http://localhost:端口號/上下文/wenxin?

?

5? .申請成為開發(fā)者

訪問 http://mp.weixin.qq.com?? ，開啟開發(fā)者模式。填入U(xiǎn)RL和taken，申請成功，如下所示：

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