Ansible通過SSH與受管節(jié)點通信，無需安裝代理或額外軟件。 1.默認使用SSH連接，推薦使用SSH密鑰認證，也可用密碼加--ask-pass參數(shù)。 2.可通過inventory文件或ansible.cfg控制SSH行為，如指定用戶或私鑰。 3.支持復用SSH連接提升性能。 4.Inventory中可定義主機IP、用戶、密鑰等信息。 5.除SSH外還支持Local、Docker、WinRM等連接方式，可通過ansible_connection變量指定。 6.需確保DNS解析、防火牆開放22端口及正確設置SSH目錄權限。 7.使用sudo時需在playbook中設為become:yes或加-b參數(shù)。

Ansible connects to managed nodes using SSH by default, which is both secure and widely supported. It doesn't require any agents or additional software installed on the target machines, making it lightweight and easy to scale.

SSH-based Communication

The primary method Ansible uses to connect to managed nodes is SSH. This means that Ansible needs network-level access to the node and valid credentials (like a username and password or SSH key) to authenticate.

• SSH keys are the most common and recommended way to authenticate.
• If you're not using SSH keys, you can also use passwords, but this requires running Ansible with the --ask-pass flag.
• You can control how SSH connections behave using settings in your inventory file or ansible.cfg , such as setting ansible_ssh_user or specifying a custom SSH key with ansible_ssh_private_key_file .

One thing to note is that Ansible will tr??y to reuse SSH connections by default via ControlPersist, which improves performance when running multiple tasks against the same host.

Inventory Setup Matters

How you define your hosts in the inventory directly affects how Ansible connects to them.

• A basic inventory entry might look like:

   webserver01 ansible_host=192.168.1.10

  Here, ansible_host tells Ansible which IP to connect to.

• You can also specify connection details inline:

   webserver01 ansible_host=192.168.1.10 ansible_user=myuser ansible_ssh_private_key_file=~/.ssh/id_rsa_web

This flexibility lets you manage different systems with different login requirements from one central point without changing playbooks.

Connection Alternatives

While SSH is the default and most commonly used transport, Ansible supports other connection types for special cases:

• Local : Run tasks directly on the control machine.
• Docker : Connects to containers directly using the Docker CLI.
• WinRM : Used for connecting to Windows hosts.
• Paramiko or OpenSSH : These are two Python-based implementations Ansible can fall back on if needed.

You can choose a different connection type per host or group using the ansible_connection variable. For example, to connect to a Windows host:

 winhost01 ansible_connection=winrm ansible_user=Administrator ansible_password=secret

Small Details That Make a Difference

A few small but important points often get overlooked:

• DNS resolution must work from the control node to the managed nodes — either through proper DNS setup or /etc/hosts .
• Firewalls and port access (typically TCP 22 for SSH) must allow connectivity.
• When using SSH keys, permissions on .ssh directories and private keys matter — overly permissive settings may cause SSH to reject the connection.

Also, if you're using sudo on the managed node, you'll want to set become: yes in your playbook or use the -b flag when running ad-hoc commands. Ansible handles privilege escalation separately from the initial connection, so even if SSH is fine, missing sudo rights can still break things.

基本上就這些.

以上是Ansible如何連接到託管節(jié)點？的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章！