With so much enthusiasm about the rapid advancement we’ve made in using LLMs this year, some of the remaining barriers and bottlenecks tend to get lost in the shuffle.

As with all prior technologies, companies have to introduce an AI project the right way. The way I’ve heard it said is that new workflows and tools need to be a help, not a hindrance, to a company.

We often talk about this as a productivity issue – if it’s instituted correctly, the new project will help workers to be more productive, confident, and on top of their jobs. If it’s done poorly, it can mire them in low productivity, and actually inhibit the work that needs to get done.

Let’s talk about some of the specific problems that I’ve heard discussed in panels and in interviews around the AI industry, as 2025 got underway.

Lack of Buy-In and Enthusiasm

This is another way that AI follows all other prior technologies. Yes, it’s a more powerful technology with a lot more versatility for implementation – but you still need stakeholder buy-in. Otherwise, you’re starting from a position of weakness, and it’s an uphill battle.

This Substack piece talking about common challenges uses the phrase “l(fā)ow user adoption,” which basically means that people aren’t choosing to use a new AI tool or system.

That on its own is a core problem for enterprise AI.

Overly Broad Directives

Suppose someone in a company orders everyone to immediately “move everything to AI.”

There are a couple potential problems with this. First, there’s lack of clarity about what these directives mean. There’s also likely to be a lot of overlap and redundant efforts, as well as chaos inside of departments.

It’s better to create a detailed strategic plan and go from there.

Lack of Support and Maintenance

In some ways, it’s easier to create an initiative than it is to manage it.

That’s where this next problem comes in – suppose someone in-house or a vendor has dreamed up and built some kind of AI program, but as it is in production, there are issues with adoption and use. Users have questions – and these are often front-line people using the tools for vital business processes.

Who do you go to in order to iron these questions out?

If each department says “this isn’t our problem,” you have an intractable situation on your hands.

So that’s some thing else to look out for: not just support in the initial phases, but support later on as the AI systems become part of the workflows and business processes.

AI Agents and Human Replacement

This issue starts with a big question – will AI agents replace humans?

You can check out this input from none other than Bill Gates, where he suggests that we “won’t need humans” for most things as AI becomes ascendant.

“There will be some things we reserve for ourselves,” Gates famously said of human initiatives. “But in terms of making things and moving things and growing food, over time those will be basically solved problems.”

For more, you can listen to a recent edition of one of my favorite podcasts, AI Daily Brief with Nathaniel Whittemore.

Whittemore is talking with Nufar Gaspar, and suggests that AI agents inherently replace humans. In other words, because they’re so naturally capable, it’s easy for companies to just plug them in and get rid of the human that was doing the job before.

“I think that agents are inherently more replacing than augmenting, at least in terms of how people think about them,” he argues. “Currently, you know, with agents, the ROI that companies are looking for from agents is, ‘can they do a thing more cheaply, efficiently, more quickly than our people do it?’”

He notes that companies may choose to reinvest in human potential, or not.

“What that doesn't say is how companies are going to choose to use those new efficiency gains,” he adds. “Are they going to just slash headcount, or are they going to reinvest people's time that's now freed up in further growth like that? You know, each company has to make those decisions.”

That gap between the theory of AI as assistive, and the reality of agentic replacers, is a big potential problem in any company.

AI Washing

This is a little bit of a different issue that doesn’t have as much to do with company integration and has a lot more to do with branding and company reputation.

The basic idea is that companies have to be sincere when it comes to AI adoption and not just giving lip service to this kind of initiative. Here’s some of our own Forbes reporting on the topic from Sujai Hajela a few years ago. A lot of it is still applicable now. (and here’s more from CNN).

“AI washing” is synonymous to anything else like greenwashing, where companies might claim to be more ecological than they are. It’s just a best practice to avoid this kind of mismatch, and the idea that a company might not “practice what they preach.”

Ignoring AI Ethics

Time and time again, we see companies moving ahead with AI projects without thinking about the ethics of the thing – bias, privacy issues, etc.

Top figures in the tech world have warned against leaving ethics out of the equation. This includes voices like Bill Gates and Elon Musk early in the AI revolution, as well as others more recently who are warning about the intersection of AI with privacy and human data ownership.

Lack of Cybersecurity

AI systems also need to be used in a secure way.

Going back to the podcast, Whittemore talks about compliance with standards like HIPAA and the European GDPR. All of this is similarly important in AI implementation and design.

Lack of Good Policy

Simply put, companies need a good roadmap to be successful.

Again, AI is unique in its scope, but not unique in some of the best practices that business should apply. Anything is less effective without a good plan, so companies should make sure that AI factors into their business planning in a concrete and definable way.

That’s all for now: think about these common recommendations when it comes to AI adoption in enterprise.

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