Composer事件是在Composer工作流特定階段觸發(fā)的鉤子，用于運行自定義腳本或命令，常見事件包括post-install-cmd和post-update-cmd，分別在composer install和composer update后執(zhí)行，其他還包括pre-install-cmd、pre-update-cmd、post-autoload-dump等，可在composer.json的scripts部分定義對應(yīng)操作，如執(zhí)行shell命令或調(diào)用PHP類，使用時需注意腳本順序、兼容性和退出碼，post-install-cmd適用于新安裝場景，post-update-cmd適用于更新依賴后的同步操作，同時建議保持腳本冪等、避免長時間運行，并可通過--no-scripts跳過執(zhí)行。

Composer events are hooks that let you run custom scripts or commands at specific points during the Composer workflow. They’re super handy for automating tasks like clearing caches, generating autoload files, or running setup commands after dependencies are installed or updated.

Common Composer Events You’ll Use

There are several built-in events in Composer that trigger at different stages of package management. Two of the most commonly used ones are:

• post-install-cmd – runs after composer install
• post-update-cmd – runs after composer update

These are especially useful when you want to make sure certain actions happen automatically after your dependencies change.

Other common events include:

• pre-install-cmd / pre-update-cmd
• post-autoload-dump
• post-package-install / post-package-update

You can define what happens during these events in your composer.json.

How to Define Scripts in composer.json

To use an event, you map it to a script inside the "scripts" section of your composer.json. Here’s a basic example:

{
  "scripts": {
    "post-install-cmd": [
      "php artisan config:clear",
      "echo 'Installation complete!'"
    ],
    "post-update-cmd": "php artisan migrate"
  }
}

Each event can run one or more commands. You can also call PHP classes that implement the Composer\Script\CommandEvent interface if you need more control.

A few things to note:

• Commands are run in the order they appear
• Shell commands should be compatible with the system where Composer is running
• If a script fails (returns non-zero exit code), Composer will stop execution by default

This makes it easy to integrate environment-specific steps without having to remember to run them manually every time.

When to Use post-install-cmd vs post-update-cmd

While both events run after Composer operations, they serve slightly different purposes:

• Use post-install-cmd when you want something to happen only when packages are freshly installed — for example, on a new deployment or CI build.
• Use post-update-cmd when you want actions triggered even when updating existing packages — useful for running database migrations or cache rebuilds after changes.

In practice:

• On a fresh server, both events might run if you use composer install and composer update as part of setup
• In local development, you might run composer update often, so post-update-cmd ensures your app stays in sync

Choosing the right one helps avoid unnecessary steps or missed updates depending on your workflow.

A Few Gotchas and Tips

Here are some practical tips when working with Composer events:

• Make sure your scripts are idempotent — meaning they can safely be run multiple times
• Avoid long-running processes unless necessary; Composer waits for each script to finish
• For complex logic, write a small PHP class and register it via "MyClass::myMethod"
• You can disable script execution with --no-scripts if you ever need to skip them temporarily

Also, keep in mind that scripts run in the context of the current working directory where Composer was executed, so path handling matters.

基本上就這些。

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