How to Create and Download a CSV File from a PHP Script
Creating and downloading a CSV file from a PHP array is a useful technique in website development. Here's a detailed guide for novice programmers:
Creating the CSV File
- Loop Through the Array: Iterate over the elements of your PHP array.
- Create CSV Lines: For each array element, use the fputcsv() function to generate a comma-separated value (CSV) line. This function takes the array element and a delimiter (usually a comma) as parameters.
Example:
$array = [
['fs_id' => '4c524d8abfc6ef3b201f489c', 'name' => 'restaurant', ...],
// More array elements...
];
$delimiter = ',';
$csv = fopen('tmp.csv', 'w');
foreach ($array as $line) {
fputcsv($csv, $line, $delimiter);
}
Downloading the CSV File
- Set HTTP Headers: To make the browser offer a "Save As" dialog, set HTTP headers that specify the file name and its type as CSV.
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="filename.csv"');
header('Content-Type: text/csv');
- Send the CSV to the Browser: Use the fpassthru() function to send the generated CSV lines to the browser.
fseek($csv, 0); // Reset the file pointer to the start fpassthru($csv);
Putting It All Together
The following function combines both steps and allows you to download a CSV file from an array:
function array_to_csv_download($array, $filename = 'export.csv', $delimiter = ',') {
// Set HTTP headers
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . $filename . '"');
header('Content-Type: text/csv');
// Create a file pointer
$csv = fopen('php://memory', 'w');
// Loop through the array and create CSV lines
foreach ($array as $line) {
fputcsv($csv, $line, $delimiter);
}
// Send the generated CSV to the browser
fpassthru($csv);
}
Usage:
$array = [
['fs_id' => '4c524d8abfc6ef3b201f489c', 'name' => 'restaurant', ...],
// More array elements...
];
array_to_csv_download($array, 'restaurants.csv');
// The CSV file will be downloaded to the user's computer.
Additional Note:
As an alternative to using php://memory, you can also use php://output for the file descriptor, which may be more efficient for large datasets.
This method provides a straightforward way to create and download CSV files from PHP arrays, making it a valuable tool for website developers.
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