The answer is: Use the std::string constructor to convert the char array to std::string. If the array contains the intermediate '\0', the length must be specified. 1. For C-style strings ending with '\0', use std::stringstr(charArray); to complete the conversion; 2. If the char array contains the middle '\0' but needs to convert the first N characters, use std::stringstr(charArray,length); to clearly specify the length; 3. When processing a fixed-size array, make sure it ends with '\0' and then convert it; 4. Use str.assign(charArray,charArray strl

TodebugaC applicationusingGDBinVisualStudioCode,configurethelaunch.jsonfilecorrectly;keysettingsincludespecifyingtheexecutablepathwith"program",setting"MIMode"to"gdb"and"type"to"cppdbg",using"ex

The most common method of finding vector elements in C is to use std::find. 1. Use std::find to search with the iterator range and target value. By comparing whether the returned iterator is equal to end(), we can judge whether it is found; 2. For custom types or complex conditions, std::find_if should be used and predicate functions or lambda expressions should be passed; 3. When searching for standard types such as strings, you can directly pass the target string; 4. The complexity of each search is O(n), which is suitable for small-scale data. For frequent searches, you should consider using std::set or std::unordered_set. This method is simple, effective and widely applicable to various search scenarios.

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std::mutex is used to protect shared resources to prevent data competition. In the example, the automatic locking and unlocking of std::lock_guard is used to ensure multi-thread safety; 1. Using std::mutex and std::lock_guard can avoid the abnormal risks brought by manual management of locks; 2. Shared variables such as counters must be protected with mutex when modifying multi-threads; 3. RAII-style lock management is recommended to ensure exception safety; 4. Avoid deadlocks and multiple locks in a fixed order; 5. Any scenario of multi-thread access to shared resources should use mutex synchronization, and the final program correctly outputs Expected:10000 and Actual:10000.

std::regex_search can be used to find whether a regular expression matches in a string. 1. It returns a boolean value to indicate whether a match is found; 2. It can combine std::smatch to get the matching content and location; 3. Use std::sregex_iterator to traverse all matches; 4. It is often used for pattern matching and text extraction such as mailboxes and phones; 5. It is necessary to pay attention to the differences in regular support of different compilers. The complete example shows the process of finding and outputting all email addresses, and the result shows two matches correctly.

There are 4 common methods for string conversion int in C: 1. Use std::stoi(), which is recommended for daily conversion. It is simple but requires try-catch to handle invalid_argument and out_of_range exceptions; 2. std::stoi() can automatically skip leading spaces and extract continuous numeric parts, such as "42istheanswer" to convert to 42; 3. Use std::istringstream, which is suitable for processing mixed type input, type safe but has a large number of codes; 4. Use strtol, which is suitable for scenarios that need to determine the conversion position or multi-digital (such as hexadecimal), which can distinguish between complete conversion and partial conversion.

RuleofZero in C refers to: if a class does not need to explicitly define destructors, copy constructors or copy assignment operators, it should not need to explicitly define these functions. 1. By using resource management classes such as smart pointers (such as std::unique_ptr) and standard containers (such as std::vector, std::string), members can manage resources by themselves; 2. The default special member functions generated by the compiler can correctly handle copy, move and destruction operations; 3. Avoid manually using naked pointers and new/delete, thereby eliminating memory leaks and repeated releases; 4. When all members can correctly manage their own resources, the class does not need to define destructors or copy controls.