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Table of Contents
Why Use SSR Instead of Client-Side Rendering?
How Does React SSR Actually Work?
Common Use Cases for React SSR
Things to Watch Out For with SSR
Home Web Front-end Front-end Q&A What is server side rendering in React SSR

What is server side rendering in React SSR

Jun 24, 2025 pm 01:49 PM

Server-side rendering (SSR) in React generates HTML on the server, improving performance and SEO. 1. SSR sends fully-formed HTML to the browser, reducing perceived load time. 2. It helps search engines index content immediately. 3. Unlike CSR, SSR avoids blank screens and enhances social media previews. 4. React uses ReactDOMServer to render components into HTML strings. 5. The browser then hydrates the page to make it interactive. 6. Common use cases include public websites, e-commerce pages, and low-bandwidth environments. 7. Challenges include complex setup, data-fetching issues, third-party library limitations, and caching difficulties.

Server-side rendering (SSR) in React is a technique where the initial HTML for a webpage is generated on the server, rather than in the browser. This means when someone visits your site, they get a fully-formed HTML page right away—no waiting for JavaScript to load and build the page in the browser.

This matters because it improves performance and helps with SEO, since search engines can easily read and index content that’s already rendered in the HTML.


Why Use SSR Instead of Client-Side Rendering?

Most React apps use client-side rendering (CSR), where the browser downloads a minimal HTML shell and then loads JavaScript to fill in the content. That works fine, but it has downsides:

  • Slower perceived load time: Users see a blank screen until all the JavaScript runs.
  • SEO challenges: Search engine crawlers may not wait for JavaScript to finish running before indexing the page.
  • No pre-rendered content: Social media previews or bots might not see the actual content of the page.

With SSR, the server sends HTML that already includes the content users need to see. The browser just needs to "hydrate" the page—attach event handlers and make it interactive—without waiting for all JavaScript to run first.


How Does React SSR Actually Work?

At a high level, here’s how server-side rendering works in React:

  1. User requests a page – When someone types in a URL or clicks a link, the request hits your server.
  2. Server renders React components – On the server, you use ReactDOMServer.renderToString() or similar methods to generate HTML from your React components.
  3. HTML is sent to the browser – The user gets a complete HTML page with the initial UI.
  4. React “hydrates” the page – Once the JS bundle arrives, React attaches behavior to the existing HTML, making it dynamic.

You’ll typically use tools like Next.js or custom Express servers with ReactDOMServer to handle this flow.


Common Use Cases for React SSR

Not every app needs SSR. But if you're building something where speed or SEO is important, SSR becomes useful.

Here are some common scenarios:

  • Public websites (like marketing pages or blogs) where SEO matters
  • E-commerce product pages where quick loading and preview sharing are essential
  • Apps targeting low-end devices or slow networks, where CSR would be sluggish

If your app is behind a login and doesn’t rely on being indexed by search engines, SSR might not give you much benefit over static generation (SSG) or client-side rendering.


Things to Watch Out For with SSR

While SSR can improve performance and SEO, there are some gotchas:

  • More complex setup: You’re dealing with both server and client logic now.
  • Data fetching can get tricky: You often need to fetch data on the server before rendering the component.
  • Third-party libraries may not work: Some libraries assume they're running in the browser and break during server rendering.
  • Caching becomes more complicated: Unlike static HTML, server-rendered pages may vary per request.

To avoid issues:

  • Make sure any DOM-related code only runs after hydration
  • Use async data fetching carefully, especially in frameworks like Next.js
  • Test how third-party packages behave during SSR

That's the core idea behind SSR in React. It’s not always necessary, but when used right, it gives a better experience for users and better visibility for search engines.

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