When building a PHP environment, the key steps for database integration are as follows: 1. Install MySQL or MariaDB and run a secure initialization script to set the root password, etc.; 2. Use PDO or mysqli to extend the connection to the database. It is recommended to enable pdo_mysql and restart the web server; 3. Write a test script to verify whether the connection is successful; 4. Troubleshoot common problems such as service running status, user permissions, remote access configuration, and PHP error logs. Follow these steps and check the details to ensure the database is successfully integrated into the development environment.

Integration of databases (MySQL or MariaDB) is a key step when building a PHP environment. PHP alone is not enough, most projects need to cooperate with the database to achieve data persistence. The following starts with several common links and talks about how to integrate the database into your development environment smoothly.

Install MySQL or MariaDB

Before you begin, make sure you have installed the database service. MySQL and MariaDB use are almost the same, you can choose according to your preferences. For example, on Ubuntu:

• Install MySQL:

   sudo apt update && sudo apt install mysql-server

• Install MariaDB:

  

   sudo apt install mariadb-server

After the installation is completed, remember to run the security initialization script ( mysql_secure_installation or mariadb-secure-installation ), set the root password, delete anonymous users, etc. to avoid security risks.

How to connect to a database in PHP?

PHP To connect to a database, you usually use PDO or mysqli extensions. Both are available, PDO supports more database types, and new projects are recommended to be preferred.

Make sure that your PHP has the corresponding extension enabled. For example, uncomment in php.ini :

 extension=pdo_mysql

Then restart your web server (such as Apache or Nginx) to make the configuration take effect.

To test whether the connection is normal, you can write a small script:

 <?php
$host = &#39;127.0.0.1&#39;;
$db = &#39;test_db&#39;;
$user = &#39;root&#39;;
$pass = &#39;your_password&#39;;

try {
    $pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db", $user, $pass);
    echo "Connected successfully!";
} catch (PDOException $e) {
    echo "Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage();
}

If the output "Connection is successful", it means that the connection between the database and PHP is fine.

Frequently Asked Questions

Sometimes it seems all right, but it just can't connect. Check the following suggestions:

• Is the database service running?
  • You can use systemctl status mysql or systemctl status mariadb to view the status.
• Are the user permissions correct?
  • Set access using GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON test_db.* TO 'username'@'localhost';
• Are remote connections allowed?
  • If you are developing locally, you generally don't have to worry about this; but if you are a remote server, you need to modify the bind-address configuration and open the firewall port.
• Is there any error in the PHP error log?
  • Check the error_reporting and log_errors settings in php.ini . Opening the log can help you locate problems faster.

Basically that's it. Although database integration is not complicated, it is easy to get stuck due to problems with permissions, configuration or service status. As long as you check it step by step, it can basically be solved.

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