在Windows上解壓.zip文件可右鍵選擇“全部提取”，而.tar.gz文件需借助7-Zip或WinRAR等工具；在macOS和Linux上，.zip文件可雙擊或使用unzip命令解壓，.tar.gz文件可用tar命令或直接雙擊解壓。具體步驟為：1. Windows處理.zip文件：右鍵→“全部提取”；2. Windows處理.tar.gz文件：安裝第三方工具→右鍵解壓；3. macOS/Linux處理.zip文件：雙擊或運行unzip filename.zip；4. macOS/Linux處理.tar.gz文件：運行tar -zxvf filename.tar.gz；此外需注意路徑、權限及編碼問題，如用sudo提升權限或用-O參數指定編碼。
解壓 .tar.gz 或 .zip 文件是日常使用電腦時很常見的操作，不管是處理下載的軟件包、備份資料還是接收別人發(fā)來的壓縮文件。其實方法不復雜，只是不同格式在不同系統下的操作略有差別。下面我們就按常見情況來分說一下。
在 Windows 上如何解壓 .zip 和 .tar.gz 文件
Windows 自帶了解壓 .zip 文件的功能，但對 .tar.gz 就沒那么直接了。
.zip文件：
只需要右鍵點擊文件，選擇“全部提取”，然后按照提示一步步操作就行。Windows 會自動創(chuàng)建一個和壓縮包同名的文件夾，并把內容放進去。.tar.gz文件：
這個稍微麻煩一點，因為 Windows 默認不支持。你可以安裝像 7-Zip 或者 WinRAR 這樣的工具。安裝完成后，右鍵點擊.tar.gz文件，選擇用這些工具打開，就能一層層提取了。通常先解出.tar文件，再繼續(xù)解壓里面的內容。
在 macOS 和 Linux 上解壓 .tar.gz 和 .zip
這兩個系統都基于 Unix，命令行操作更方便一些，而且默認就支持這些格式。
-
解壓
.zip文件：
用圖形界面的話，雙擊就能打開并解壓。如果你喜歡終端（Terminal），可以用這個命令：unzip filename.zip
如果系統沒有自帶
unzip，可以先用包管理器安裝，比如 Ubuntu 上用sudo apt install unzip。 解壓
.tar.gz文件：
終端里用一條命令就可以搞定：tar -zxvf filename.tar.gz
這條命令的意思是：
z：表示這是 gzip 壓縮的文件x：表示要解壓v：顯示進度f：指定文件名
如果你是圖形界面用戶，macOS 上可以直接雙擊
.tar.gz文件，系統會自動幫你解壓。
解壓時需要注意的幾個細節(jié)
有些時候雖然能順利解壓，但結果可能不如預期，這里有幾個容易忽略的小點：
路徑問題：
有時候你運行命令后發(fā)現文件被解壓到了奇怪的位置，那是因為沒有確認當前所在的目錄。建議在執(zhí)行命令前先用pwd（Linux/macOS）或者cd（Windows 命令行）看一下當前路徑。權限問題（Linux/macOS）：
如果你遇到權限錯誤，可以在命令前面加sudo，比如：sudo tar -zxvf filename.tar.gz
中文亂碼：
某些.zip文件在 Linux 下解壓會出現文件名亂碼，這是因為編碼格式不一致。可以在解壓時手動指定編碼，比如：unzip -O CP936 filename.zip
基本上就這些。根據不同系統和格式選擇合適的工具或命令，大多數時候都能順利解壓。關鍵是要知道你面對的是哪種格式，以及自己用的操作系統支持哪些功能。
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