Three points to note for making HTML5 videos smoothly playback: 1. Select the appropriate video format, such as MP4, WebM or Ogg, and provide multiple formats or single formats according to the target user selection; 2. Use adaptive bit rate technology such as HLS or DASH, combined with hls.js or dash.js to achieve automatic clarity switching; 3. Reasonably set preload policies and server configurations, such as preload attributes, byte range requests, compression and cache, to optimize loading speed and reduce traffic consumption.
If you want HTML5 videos to play smoothly, you can just add a <video></video>
tag. In actual use, you will encounter problems such as slow loading, lag, and poor compatibility. The key is to choose the right streaming media solution and set the video format and transmission method reasonably.

Choose the right video format
HTML5 supports multiple video formats, but the support situations of different browsers are different. The most common ones are MP4, WebM and Ogg. MP4 is supported on most devices, especially the H.264-encoded MP4 takes almost all modern browsers and mobile devices. WebM is an open source format that performs better on Chrome and Firefox.

If you want to reach as many users as possible, you can provide multiple formats at the same time:
<video controls> <source src="video.mp4" type="video/mp4"> <source src="video.webm" type="video/webm"> Your browser does not support the video tag. </video>
However, this also has disadvantages, such as the need to maintain multiple versions and increase storage costs. If the target users are concentrated on mobile (such as iOS users), it is also feasible to use MP4 only.

Use Adaptive Streaming
The user's network status changes at any time, and videos with fixed bit rate are prone to stuttering. At this time, adaptive streaming technologies such as HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) or DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP) are required.
Their core idea is: divide the video into small clips and automatically switch clarity according to the current network speed. For example, watch HD under Wi-Fi and Standard Definition under 4G, and the experience is more stable.
The implementation method is generally achieved by using third-party libraries such as hls.js (for HLS) or dash.js (for DASH). These libraries can be compatible with browsers that do not support native HLS/DASH.
To use hls.js, you can write this:
<video id="video" controls></video> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/hls.js@latest"></script> <script> if(Hls.isSupported()) { var video = document.getElementById('video'); var hls = new Hls(); hls.loadSource('your_video.m3u8'); hls.attachMedia(video); hls.on(Hls.Events.MANIFEST_PARSED, function() { video.play(); }); } </script>
Pay attention to preloading and bandwidth control
By default, the <video></video>
tag does not load the entire video file, but rather it loads on demand. But you can adjust this behavior through the preload
property:
-
preload="none"
: No preload at all -
preload="metadata"
: only load metadata (duration, size, etc.) -
preload="auto"
: Preload as much as possible
Under mobile networks, default behavior can lead to unnecessary traffic consumption. Therefore, it is recommended to set it flexibly according to the scene, such as setting it to metadata
when displaying videos on the home screen of the web page to avoid loading a large amount of data from the beginning.
In addition, the server side should also make good configuration, such as enabling byte range requests (Accept-Ranges), compression (gzip), cache policies, etc., which will directly affect the video loading speed and playback experience.
Basically that's it
The above three points are relatively core considerations. Although it is not complicated to implement, details are easily overlooked in actual deployment, such as cross-domain issues, CDN acceleration, HTTPS requirements, etc. As long as you plan the format, streaming media solution and loading strategy in advance, you can greatly improve the user's viewing experience.
The above is the detailed content of HTML5 video streaming techniques and considerations. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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