To fix Windows 10 system problems, perform the repair operation through the recovery environment running command prompt. 1. First, enter WinRE by force shutting down three times or restarting in settings; 2. Select Troubleshooting > Advanced Options > Command Prompt; 3. Run the DISM command (DISM /Image:C:\ /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth) to repair the system image; 4. Then run the SFC command (sfc /scannow) to check and replace the corrupt system files; 5. Finally, use CHKDSK (chkdsk C: /f /r) to detect and repair disk errors. These steps can solve most system problems and avoid reinstalling the system.

If you're having trouble with Windows 10 and can't get it running smoothly, using the Command Prompt through recovery tools is a solid option. It's not a magic fix-all solution, but it gives you direct access to system files and repair functions that might save you from a full reinstall.

Accessing Command Prompt from Recovery Environment

First things first—you need to actually get into the Command Prompt. Since Windows isn't booting normally, you'll use the Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE).

• If Windows still boots but has issues, go to Start > Settings > Update & Security > Recovery > Advanced startup > Restart now .
• If it doesn't boot, force it into recovery by interrupting the boot process three times (power off during startup).

Once in WinRE:

1. Choose Troubleshoot
2. Go to Advanced options > Command Prompt

You'll now have access to a few key commands that can help repair Windows.

Running DISM to Repair System Files

DISM (Deployment Imaging Service and Management Tool) is your first real stop for repairs. It checks and replaces corrupted system files using Microsoft's cached copies.

Basic command:

 DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

But if you're offline (like in WinRE), you'll need to adjust it slightly:

 DISM /Image:C:\ /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

This can take a while—sometimes 15–30 minutes—dependent on your system and how much needs fixing. Let it run fully before moving on.

A tip: if DISM fails because of connectivity issues or missing sources, you can try adding a Windows 10 ISO as a source manually, but that's more advanced and not always necessary.

Using SFC to Fix Remaining Issues

After DISM finishes, the next step is SFC (System File Checker). This scans system files and replaces incorrect versions with correct ones.

Run this command:

 sfc /scannow

Important note: SFC only works if the system files are still intact enough to run the scan. That's why DISM comes first—it fixes the base image so SFC can work properly.

If SFC finds errors, it will attempt to fix them automatically. If it says something like "Windows Resource Protection found corrupt files but was unable to fix some of them," then you'll need to dig deeper or consider other methods.

Checking Disk Errors with CHKDSK

Sometimes the problem isn't system files at all—it's the disk itself. Corrupted sectors or file system issues can mimic OS problems.

To check, run:

 chkdsk C: /f /r

Replace C: with your actual system drive letter if it's different.

• /f tells it to fix errors
• /r locates bad sectors and recovers readable info

It might ask to schedule the check on next reboot—type Y and restart.

CHKDSK can be slow, especially on large drives, but it's one of those underused tools that can solve seemingly random boot or performance issues.

That's about it. These steps don't guarantee everything gets fixed every time, but they cover most common system-level issues without jumping straight to a reinstall. If none of these work, you may need to look into more targeted solutions based on your specific error messages or hardware status.

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