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Table of Contents
What is the Media Capabilities API?
Why is it useful for adaptive streaming?
How to use it? Simple example
Points to note in actual use
Home Web Front-end H5 Tutorial H5 Media Capabilities API for Adaptive Streaming

H5 Media Capabilities API for Adaptive Streaming

Jul 17, 2025 am 01:57 AM

The Media Capabilities API is an interface provided by HTML5 to determine whether the browser supports and efficiently plays audio and video content in a specific format. 1. It can query whether the video encoding format, resolution, frame rate, etc. supports and plays smoothly; 2. It can help adaptive streaming media optimize the selection of code streams before playing to avoid lag; 3. Use the decodingInfo() method to configure query to determine whether it is suitable for playback based on the returned results; 4. In actual use, you need to pay attention to the combination of browser compatibility, result reference and other indicators.

H5 Media Capabilities API for Adaptive Streaming

H5's Media Capabilities API can help us achieve smarter adaptive streaming in web pages. It provides a way to determine whether a browser can efficiently play audio and video content in a certain format, so as to make better decisions before playback, such as choosing the right resolution or encoding format.

H5 Media Capabilities API for Adaptive Streaming

What is the Media Capabilities API?

The Media Capabilities API is an interface provided by HTML5 that allows developers to query whether the browser supports a certain media format and whether it can play smoothly on the current device. This is further than the traditional judgment of "can play but not broadcast", and can tell you whether it is broadcast smoothly.

  • It can query whether the video's encoding format (such as H.264, VP9), resolution, frame rate, etc. supports and can play smoothly.
  • It can not only judge whether it is supported, but also judge whether it is efficient to play, such as whether hardware decoding is available.

Why is it useful for adaptive streaming?

Adaptive streaming media such as HLS or DASH dynamically switches video quality based on network conditions and device performance. The Media Capabilities API can help us understand the playback capabilities of the device earlier, thereby making more reasonable streaming choices.

H5 Media Capabilities API for Adaptive Streaming

for example:

  • If the device does not support VP9 encoding, do not try to load high-resolution videos in WebM format.
  • If the device cannot play 4K video smoothly, skip this resolution directly to avoid lag.

This allows you to optimize the selection before playing, rather than wait until the playback fails or is stuttered before switching.

H5 Media Capabilities API for Adaptive Streaming

How to use it? Simple example

The usage method is relatively simple, mainly through mediaCapabilities.decodingInfo() method:

 if ('mediaCapabilities' in navigator.mediaDevices) {
  const mediaConfig = {
    type: 'file',
    video: {
      contentType: 'video/mp4; codecs="avc1.42E01E, mp4a.40.2"',
      width: 1920,
      height: 1080,
      bitrate: 5000000,
      framerate: 30
    }
  };

  navigator.mediaDevices.mediaCapabilities.decodingInfo(mediaConfig).then(info => {
    if (info.supported && info.smooth) {
      console.log('This video configuration can be played smoothly');
    } else {
      console.log('May be stuck or not supported, consider changing configuration');
    }
  });
}

The above code will tell you whether the current device is suitable for playing a 1080p MP4 video.

Points to note in actual use

Although this API is very useful, there are some things to pay attention to in actual use:

  • Not all browsers support it : Currently, mainstream browsers such as Chrome and Edge support is better, while Firefox and Safari support is limited.
  • Don't rely on absolute results : The results may be different in different equipment and system environments, and it is recommended as a reference rather than a hard limit.
  • Use it in combination with other indicators : such as network bandwidth, CPU usage, etc., to comprehensively determine a more suitable playback strategy.

Overall, the Media Capabilities API is a great tool to enhance the adaptive streaming experience, allowing the front-end to make smarter choices before it is played. Basically all this is not complicated but easy to ignore.

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