The Popover API is a lightweight popup layer implementation solution natively supported by the browser. When using it, you need to add popover attributes first and display and hide them in combination with JS control. 1. Add popover attributes to the target element to define the popup content; 2. Control the display status of the popup layer through the showPopover() and hidePopover() methods; 3. Common button clicks can also be triggered, but the compatibility is limited; 4. Avoid absolute/fixed positioning in style. It is recommended to set background, border, shadow and z-index to ensure the level; 5. Currently, Chrome and Edge support are good, Firefox is in the experimental stage, and Safari does not support it for the time being. It is recommended to add feature detection to provide a fallback solution.
It is actually quite simple to use HTML's popover API to cover content, and it is natively supported, so there is no need to introduce additional JS libraries. It can help you quickly achieve effects such as pop-up layers, prompt boxes, etc., such as clicking a button to display a paragraph of instruction text or menu.
What is the popover API?
The Popover API is a set of mechanisms natively provided by the browser to create interactive overlays. You only need to add a popover attribute and then display and hide it with some JavaScript control. It's not quite the same as traditional tooltip or modal because it's lighter and suitable for context-related pop-ups.
You can add this attribute to any element:
<div id="my-popover" popover>Hello, I'm a popover!</div>
Then display or hide via JS control:
const popover = document.getElementById('my-popover'); popover.showPopover(); // Show popover.hidePopover(); // Hide
How to trigger popover display?
The most common way is to trigger it with a button click. You need to associate the trigger element with popover. The usual practice is to listen to the button click event and then call the corresponding method.
For example:
<button onclick="togglePopover()">Toggle</button> <div id="my-popover" popover>This is the popup</div>
The JS part can be written like this:
function togglePopover() {
const popover = document.getElementById('my-popover');
if (popover.matches(':popover-open')) {
popover.hidePopover();
} else {
popover.showPopover();
}
}Of course, you can also use hover to control the display, but the support is not very stable at present, so it is recommended to use click to trigger it first.
What should I pay attention to when it comes to style and positioning?
Although the popover element will appear next to the trigger element by default, its positioning method is different from the normal fixed/absolute positioning. It is automatically determined by the browser, with the purpose of avoiding being truncated or out of viewport range.
If you want to customize the style, you can set backgrounds, borders, shadows, etc. through CSS, but pay attention to the following points:
- Do not use
position: absoluteorfixed, otherwise it will affect the browser's automatic positioning logic. - It is recommended to use
z-indexto adjust the level to ensure that the pop-up layer is not blocked. - If you want it to have animation, you can use
transition, but be careful to affect performance.
For example, set a simple style:
[popover] {
background-color: #fff;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 10px;
box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}Support situation and compatibility issues
Currently, popover API is supported in Chrome and Edge, and Firefox is still in the experimental stage, and Safari is not supported for the time being. So if you plan to use it in a production environment, it is recommended to add feature detection to determine whether it supports it, or prepare for a fallback plan.
The method to detect whether it is supported is simple:
if ('showPopover' in HTMLElement.prototype) {
// You can use popover with confidence
} else {
// Use other methods to replace} Basically that's it. Although the functions are still being improved, as a solution to quickly implement lightweight popup layers, popover API is indeed a good choice.
The above is the detailed content of HTML `popover` API for Overlay Content. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!
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