What is PHP framework? Why use PHP framework? This article will talk to you about the advantages of PHP frameworks, and summarize and share 11 of the most popular PHP frameworks in 2023. I hope it will be helpful to everyone!
1: What is the PHP framework?
The PHP framework is simply written in the PHP language. It can improve development efficiency, create more stable programs, and reduce repeated writing by developers during the project development process. As for the code infrastructure, the most popular ones in China are ThinkPHP and Laravel frameworks.
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2: Why use the PHP framework?
There are many advantages to using a PHP framework compared to coding from scratch using the native PHP language.
1. Speed ??up development progress
Because the PHP framework has built-in libraries and tools, it greatly shortens the time required for project development.
For example, the CakePHP framework has the Bake command line tool, which can quickly create any framework code needed in the application. Several popular PHP frameworks have integrated the PHPUnit library for easy testing.
2. Less code to write
Using the functions built into the framework means that there is no need to write too much original code.
3. There are many functional resource libraries
There are many common tasks that developers need to perform in web applications, such as form validation, data cleaning and CRUD operations ( Create, read, update and delete).
Using the framework, you don’t have to write your own functions for these tasks, just use the functions encapsulated by the framework.
4. Follow good coding practices
PHP frameworks usually follow coding best practices, for example, they neatly divide the code into multiple directories based on functionality. .
#These directories force you to organize your code in a cleaner, neater, and more maintainable way.
The framework also has its own naming conventions for variables, directories, spaces, etc. You should follow these conventions.
5. More secure than applications written by yourself
There may be many PHP security threats after the project goes online, including cross-site scripting, SQL injection attacks and cross-site requests Forgery. Unless you take the correct countermeasures to protect your program, your PHP web application will be vulnerable to attacks.
While using a PHP framework does not replace writing secure code, it can minimize the opportunities for hackers to exploit vulnerabilities. Good frameworks have built-in data cleaning capabilities that protect against the common threats mentioned above.
6. Better teamwork
Projects developed by the team may go wrong if the following aspects are not clear:
Documentation
Design Decisions
Normative Standards
Use a framework to set clear goals for the project basic rules. Even if other developers are unfamiliar with the framework, they are able to quickly learn and work together.
7. Easy to maintain
The PHP framework encourages code refactoring and promotes DRY development (DRY-Don't Repeat Yourself), resulting in a more streamlined The code base requires less maintenance.
You also don’t have to worry about maintaining the framework core because the framework developers will do it for you.
3: What you need to know before using the PHP framework
1. PHP native basics
Before using the PHP framework, you must first master the native basics of PHP!
If you don’t have a good grasp of the language, it will be difficult for you to master the PHP encapsulated framework.
Recommended tutorials:
Free public welfare courses:
01. "Little White Savior: PHP7 Basics" Quick syntax preview》
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詳見(jiàn)：《23期PHP小白到大牛三個(gè)月直播班》
2. 面向?qū)ο?/strong>
了解PHP面向?qū)ο缶幊桃彩潜夭豢缮俚囊徊剑驗(yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)現(xiàn)代PHP框架都是面向?qū)ο蟮?，確保理解類(lèi)、對(duì)象、繼承、方法、 traits和訪問(wèn)修飾符等概念。
3. 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
由于許多web應(yīng)用程序的數(shù)據(jù)獲取都需要連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，因此您應(yīng)該了解數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和SQL語(yǔ)法，每個(gè)PHP框架都有自己受支持的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)列表。
4. 對(duì)象關(guān)系映射（ORM）模型
ORM是一種使用面向?qū)ο笳Z(yǔ)法而不是SQL語(yǔ)法訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)數(shù)據(jù)的方法，使用ORM，您可以用熟悉的PHP編寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)查詢，但有時(shí)也可能需要使用SQL語(yǔ)句。
許多PHP框架都內(nèi)置了自己的ORM，例如，Laravel使用了Eloquent ORM。其他框架則使用一種類(lèi)似于ORM的開(kāi)源原則。
5. WEB服務(wù)器環(huán)境
了解Apache和Nginx等web服務(wù)器的工作原理對(duì)于框架的使用也是很有幫助的，因?yàn)槟赡苄枰诜?wù)器上配置文件，以使應(yīng)用程序以最佳方式運(yùn)行。
您可能會(huì)在本地進(jìn)行大部分開(kāi)發(fā)，因此您也需要了解localhost。另一種選擇是使用Vagrant和VirtualBox在虛擬環(huán)境中創(chuàng)建和測(cè)試應(yīng)用程序。
6. 模型-視圖-控制器架構(gòu)模式
PHP框架通常遵循模型-視圖-控制器（MVC）設(shè)計(jì)模式。這個(gè)概念將數(shù)據(jù)的操作與數(shù)據(jù)的渲染分離開(kāi)來(lái)。
Model模型存儲(chǔ)業(yè)務(wù)邏輯和應(yīng)用程序數(shù)據(jù)，它將數(shù)據(jù)傳遞給視圖層。用戶與視圖交互，然后交由控制器處理這些交互指令，接著控制器向模型發(fā)出這些指令，循環(huán)繼續(xù)。
簡(jiǎn)而言之：
模型是關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)的，
視圖是關(guān)于頁(yè)面渲染的，
控制器是關(guān)于行為的。
關(guān)于MVC模式的工作原理，我們可以類(lèi)比在酒吧點(diǎn)雞尾酒。
用戶就好比到達(dá)酒吧（視圖）需要酒水的顧客，用戶將他們的酒水訂單交給酒保（控制器）。
控制器根據(jù)模型——配方、配料和設(shè)備完成訂單。根據(jù)雞尾酒的不同，他們可能會(huì)使用以下任何一種或其他物品：
·含酒精飲料 ·果汁 ·冰 ·檸檬 ·玻璃 ·雞尾酒搖壺 ·油橄欖 ·攪拌器
成品雞尾酒放在吧臺(tái)上供用戶享用。如果用戶想再喝一杯，他們必須先與控制器通話。他們不允許進(jìn)入模型并調(diào)制自己的飲料。
在PHP應(yīng)用程序術(shù)語(yǔ)中，MVC可以對(duì)應(yīng)以下內(nèi)容：
模型：數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
視圖：一個(gè)或多個(gè)HTML頁(yè)面
控制器：訪問(wèn)和更新數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的功能
7. 命令行界面（CLI）
Laravel有自己的CLI Artisan控制臺(tái)。使用Artisan中的“生成”命令，可以快速構(gòu)建項(xiàng)目的模型、控制器和其他組件。
熟悉命令行也是使用Composer PHP包管理器的關(guān)鍵。Yii框架是使用Composer來(lái)安裝和管理項(xiàng)目依賴 （應(yīng)用程序運(yùn)行所需的包）的幾種框架之一。
Packagist是可以使用Composer安裝的軟件包的主要存儲(chǔ)庫(kù)。一些最流行的Composer軟件包使用Symfony框架運(yùn)行。
五：您應(yīng)該如何考量一款PHP框架好不好？
以下是小編為您總結(jié)的為項(xiàng)目選擇最佳PHP框架時(shí)需要考慮的一些因素：
首先，如果您剛接觸PHP框架，學(xué)習(xí)路線不應(yīng)該太曲折。
如果框架太難掌握，你就不想花寶貴的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)它。幸運(yùn)的是，PHP是最容易學(xué)習(xí)的編程語(yǔ)言之一。
接下來(lái)，您需要一個(gè)易于使用并節(jié)省時(shí)間的框架。
The PHP framework should meet the technical requirements of your project, most frameworks have a minimum PHP version and certain PHP extensions they use.
Additionally, you need to make sure that the framework you choose supports the database you choose and that you can use the framework with the web server you are deploying to.
Choose a framework with balanced functionality. For some projects, a feature-rich framework can be a boon, and if you don't need many features, then opt for a stripped-down framework.
Some important features include:
Testing
- ##Cache Storage
- Template Engine: A way to output PHP in HTML using PHP classes
- Safety
Finally, if you want to use the PHP framework flexibly, you cannot do without good documentation and ecological support.
A framework with a large and vibrant community is also more likely to stand the test of time and be able to help you when you get stuck.Six: What are the best PHP frameworks in 2022?
The following are some of the best PHP frameworks currently in use:1.ThinkPHP (Most used in China, easy to get started, suitable for beginners )
2. Laravel (Most used in the world, known as the most elegant framework, difficult to get started)
#3. Symfony
4. CodeIgniter (referred to as CI, very lightweight)
5. Zend Framework / Laminas Project
6. Yii (Framework) (mostly used in domestic and foreign trade industries)
7. CakePHP
8. Slim
9. Phalcon
10. FuelPHP
##11. Fat-Free FrameworkThinkPHP
ThinkPHP was developed by Chinese people and is a free, open source, object-oriented, lightweight PHP development framework. Born in early 2006, it is the most used in China. The 23rd PHP live class teaching project of
uses ThinkPHP6, which is very suitable for beginners! Popular version
- ThinkPHP5.x: Launched in 2015, MVC mode, supports PHP>=5.6
- ThinkPHP6. x: Newly launched in 2019, start using Composer to install and update, support PHP>=7.1
Billed as the "PHP framework for web craftsmen," Laravel was developed by Taylor Otwell, who wanted a framework that included features that CodeIgniter didn't have, such as user authentication. 
Laravel quick introduction
Release date: June 2011
Current version: Laravel8 - Released on September 8, 2020. Technical requirements:##PHP>=7.2.5 (or use Laravel Homestead)
Supports Composer installation
The database supports MySQL 5.6, PostgreSQL 9.4, SQLite 3.8.8, and SQL Server 2017.
- Advantages of Laravel
Laravel Homestead is Lavarel’s official pre-packaged Vagrant Box, which provides you with an excellent development environment. There is no need for you to install PHP, Web server and any other server software on your local machine. Mom no longer has to worry about messing up your operating system! If you are a Mac user, you can also choose to use Laravel Valet as your development environment. Laravel Valet supports frameworks such as Symfony, CakePHP 3, Slim and Zend, and WordPress.
Laravel uses a template engine called Blade. One advantage it has over other template engines is that it can use PHP in Blade, which other engines cannot.
Packalyst is a collection of Laravel software packages, with more than 15,000 software packages that can be used in projects.
Laravel provides a range of security features and methods, including the following:
Authentication
Authorization
Email Verification
Encryption
Hash
Password reset
Laravel Eloquent ORM and Fluent Query Builder prevent SQL injection attacks when using PDO parameter binding.
Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) protection is also enabled by default, and whenever you define an HTML form in your application, you should include a hidden CSRF _token field in the form.
Artisan Console for Laravel The command line tool speeds up development by allowing developers to automate repetitive tasks and quickly generate framework code.
If you need to benchmark PHP, Laravel is the fastest PHP framework you can choose from.
The Laravel ecosystem has several useful tools, such as Mix for compiling CSS and JS resources, and Socialite for OAuth authentication.
Laravel benefits from a large developer community (like WordPress).
The editor has compiled some community addresses for you:
Laracasts: Learning portal including courses, blogs, podcasts and forums
Laravel.io: A community portal with over 45,000 users.
The Laravel subreddit: A community portal for 50,000 Laravel artisans.
laravel video tutorial:
http://m.miracleart.cn/course/list/23.html
laravel technical articles:
http://m.miracleart.cn/phpkj/laravel/
Course Recommendation:
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Symfony
Symfony quick introduction
Release date: October 2005 Current version: Symfony5.1.4Technical requirements:- PHP>=7.2.5
- Support Composer installation
Symfony Advantages
Symfony is the best choice for websites and applications that require scalability. Its modular component system is flexible, allowing you to choose the components you need for a variety of projects. Symfony supports most databases in popular PHP frameworks:- Drizzle
- MySQL
- Oracle
- PostgreSQL
- SAP Sybase SQL Anywhere
- SQLite
- SQLServer
Using the built-in toolbarDebugging
Debugging a Symfony project is very easy.Symfony uses the Twig
template engine which is easy to learn, fast and secure.Packagist lists more than 4000 Symfony packages
ready for you to download and use. Symfony has commercial support from Sensio Labs. This means that unlike most other PHP frameworks, Symfony has a professional support team and it also has long-term version support, with a support period of 3 years.CodeIgniter
CodeIgniter框架可以幫助您快速構(gòu)建web應(yīng)用程序，因?yàn)樗哂凶钚〉呐渲谩?/p>
CodeIgniter快速了解
發(fā)布日期：2006年2月
當(dāng)前版本：CodeIgniter4.0.3
技術(shù)要求：
PHP>=7.2
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)支持MySQL、PostgreSQL、SQLite3
CodeIgniter的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
CodeIgniter以其運(yùn)行速度著稱，它是我們?cè)赑HP基準(zhǔn)測(cè)試中嘗試的四個(gè)PHP框架中速度第二快的。
CodeIgniter框架的占用資源很小（1.2MB），您可以添加所需的組件。
CodeIgniter很靈活：它鼓勵(lì)使用MVC架構(gòu)進(jìn)行開(kāi)發(fā)，但您也可以編寫(xiě)非MVC應(yīng)用程序。
該框架內(nèi)置了對(duì)CSRF和XSS攻擊的防御措施，以及上下文相關(guān)的轉(zhuǎn)義和內(nèi)容安全策略。
CodeIgniter支持多種緩存方法，以加快應(yīng)用程序的運(yùn)行速度。
如前所述，與其他框架相比，CodeIgniter具有簡(jiǎn)單的學(xué)習(xí)曲線，并且具有很強(qiáng)的可擴(kuò)展性。
CodeIgniter的社區(qū)由一個(gè)論壇和Slack組組成。
推薦教程：
《CI框架30分鐘極速入門(mén)》
http://m.miracleart.cn/course/760.html
Zend Framework / Laminas Project
Zend框架是一個(gè)久負(fù)盛名的PHP框架，現(xiàn)在正在向Laminas Project過(guò)渡。
如果您的項(xiàng)目正在使用Zend, 小編強(qiáng)烈建議您將項(xiàng)目遷移到Laminas，因?yàn)閆end不再更新。
Laminas Project由3部分組成：
1. Laminas組件和MVC
2. Mezzio
3. Laminas API工具
Laminas 快速了解
發(fā)布日期：2006年2月
當(dāng)前版本：3.0.0 (Zend) or 1.3.0 (Laminas)
技術(shù)要求：
PHP>=5.6（Zend）或>=7.3（Laminas）
支持Composer方式的安裝
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)支持MariaDB、MySQL、Oracle、IBM DB2、Microsoft SQL Server、PostgreSQL、SQLite和Informix Dynamic Server
Laminas/Zend的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
Zend框架的下載量超過(guò)5.7億，它也是企業(yè)使用最多的PHP框架。Zend遵循PHP框架互操作組（PHP Framework Interop Group 簡(jiǎn)稱為PHP-FIG）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這意味著其代碼可以輕松地移植到其他框架。
與Symfony一樣，您可以使用所需的組件，您可以使用Zend構(gòu)建RESTful API。
Laminas社區(qū)有一個(gè)論壇和Slack組，用于開(kāi)發(fā)者協(xié)作和框架支持。
Yii (Framework)
這個(gè)框架的名字叫Yii，在漢語(yǔ)中的意思是“簡(jiǎn)單而進(jìn)化”。它還代表“Yes, It Is!”
Yii 快速了解
發(fā)布日期：2008年10月
當(dāng)前版本：Yii2.0.35
技術(shù)要求：
PHP>=5.4.0 推薦PHP7以上版本
支持Composer方式的安裝
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)支持SQLite、MySQL、PostgreSQL、MSSQL或Oracle
Yii 的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
你可以在幾分鐘內(nèi)快速上手。因?yàn)樗奈臋n編寫(xiě)良好，易于理解。
Yii框架有幾個(gè)安全措施，如bcrypt密碼哈希、加密、身份驗(yàn)證和授權(quán)。它的文檔中提供了防止SQL注入、XSS和CSRF攻擊的最佳實(shí)例，不容錯(cuò)過(guò)。
Gii代碼生成器可以快速為您構(gòu)建骨架代碼，節(jié)省開(kāi)發(fā)時(shí)間。
Yii支持四種類(lèi)型的緩存來(lái)加速web應(yīng)用程序：數(shù)據(jù)緩存、片段緩存、頁(yè)面緩存和HTTP緩存。
您可以在Yii項(xiàng)目中運(yùn)行第三方代碼。
Yii社區(qū)通過(guò)Slack或IRC提供在線實(shí)時(shí)支持。Yii的生態(tài)圈還包括一個(gè)討論論壇和社交媒體渠道。該社區(qū)向其活躍成員頒發(fā)名人堂徽章和參賽機(jī)會(huì)。
Yii框架視頻教程推薦：
http://m.miracleart.cn/toutiao-362431.html
CakePHP
CakePHP是一個(gè)快速、干凈的PHP開(kāi)發(fā)框架。
CakePHP 快速了解
發(fā)布日期：2005年4月
當(dāng)前版本：CakePHP4.1.1
技術(shù)要求：
PHP>=7.2 推薦PHP7.4
支持Composer方式的安裝
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)支持MySQL 5.6+, MariaDB 5.6+, PostgreSQL 9.4+, SQLite 3.8, SQL Server 2012+
CakePHP的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
CakePHP配置最少、最容易上手，因?yàn)槟槐靥幚鞽ML或YAML文件。一旦完成了數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置，就可以開(kāi)始愉快編碼了。
CakePHP有自己的內(nèi)置ORM，使用起來(lái)既快速又簡(jiǎn)單，它的安全特性包括加密、密碼哈希、表單數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)和CSRF防御。
CakePHP的組件和助手函數(shù)簡(jiǎn)化了開(kāi)發(fā)，減少了您必須執(zhí)行的普通任務(wù)的數(shù)量。
Github提供了一個(gè)有用的CakePHP資源和插件列表。
https://github.com/friendsofcake/awesome-cakephp
Slim
Slim是一個(gè)精簡(jiǎn)、靈活的微型PHP框架，由JoshLockhart創(chuàng)建。它關(guān)注于接收HTTP請(qǐng)求、調(diào)用回調(diào)和返回HTTP響應(yīng)。
Slim 快速了解
發(fā)布日期：2010年9月?
當(dāng)前版本：Slim4.5.0?
技術(shù)要求：
PHP>=7.2
具有URL重寫(xiě)的Web服務(wù)器
Slim的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
Slim的代碼庫(kù)很精簡(jiǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼪](méi)有第三方依賴關(guān)系，因此，運(yùn)行速度非?？?。
Slim特別適合構(gòu)建小型應(yīng)用程序和程序接口，此外Slim還集成了第一方和第三方組件。
Slim很容易學(xué)習(xí)和理解。你可以在幾分鐘內(nèi)運(yùn)行一個(gè)“Hello World”應(yīng)用程序。Slim被Sland網(wǎng)站上的開(kāi)發(fā)人員評(píng)為最佳的PHP框架。
Tidelift提供對(duì)Slim的專業(yè)支持。
Phalcon
Phalcon是為提高速度而構(gòu)建的PHP框架，它最初是作為以Zephir和C編寫(xiě)的web服務(wù)器的擴(kuò)展而出現(xiàn)的，但是您不需要了解C。Phalcon可以使開(kāi)發(fā)人員使用由框架生成的PHP類(lèi)和命名空間。
Phalcon 快速了解
發(fā)布日期：2012年11月?
當(dāng)前版本：Phalcon4.0.6
技術(shù)要求：
PHP>=7.2
PSR擴(kuò)展
Phalcon的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
Phalcon設(shè)計(jì)的初衷是使項(xiàng)目快速運(yùn)行，因?yàn)樗哂幸韵绿攸c(diǎn)：
架構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單。
Zephir、C擴(kuò)展和PHP的一次性加載。
代碼是編譯的，而不是解釋的，因此速度更快。
內(nèi)存常駐，意味著您可以隨時(shí)在需要時(shí)調(diào)用它。
與大多數(shù)其他PHP框架不同，Phalcon不使用文件讀取和文件統(tǒng)計(jì)信息，從而提高了性能。
由于Phalcon是松散耦合的，因此您可以創(chuàng)建自己的目錄結(jié)構(gòu)，再者Phalcon底層代碼不存在于項(xiàng)目目錄中，這一點(diǎn)使得代碼變得很輕量級(jí)。
Phalcon的安全組件有助于密碼哈希和CSRF保護(hù)，模板引擎Volt速度非常快，并且附帶了很多擴(kuò)展類(lèi)庫(kù)，可以幫助您輕松創(chuàng)建視圖。
遇到任何問(wèn)題，您可以通過(guò)Phalcon的文檔、論壇、Discord chat、Stack Overflow和多個(gè)社交媒體平臺(tái)尋求解決方案與支持。
FuelPHP
FuelPHP是一個(gè)社區(qū)驅(qū)動(dòng)的PHP框架，由300多個(gè)貢獻(xiàn)者參與完成。
FuelPHP 快速了解
發(fā)布日期：2011年6月?
當(dāng)前版本：FuelPHP1.8.2
技術(shù)要求：
PHP>=5.4
任何wed服務(wù)器
FuelPHP的優(yōu)點(diǎn)
FuelPHP也采用了MVC架構(gòu)模式，但也支持HMVC(Hierarchical Model View Controller)，即在控制器和視圖之間添加另一層。
HMVC設(shè)計(jì)模式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：
更好的代碼組織
更大的模塊化
更具擴(kuò)展性
鼓勵(lì)代碼重用
您可以為您的項(xiàng)目選擇所需要的文件和文件夾結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)镕uelPHP在這方面的約束很少。
此外，F(xiàn)uelPHP非常重視安全性，具有以下特性：
輸出編碼?
CSRF保護(hù)?
輸入、URI和XSS過(guò)濾?
用戶的輸入會(huì)被轉(zhuǎn)義后才參與組建SQL語(yǔ)句
FuelPHP has its own command line utility - oil, which you can use to perform tasks, debug code and generate public components.
In addition, FuelPHP’s ORM function is very powerful, but it is also very lightweight. You can join the FuelPHP community on the FuelPHP forum, Facebook and Twitter.
Fat-Free-Framework
Fat-Free-Framework quick introduction
Release date: 2009Current version: Fat-Free-Framework3.7.2Technical requirements:- PHP>=5.4
- The database supports MySQL, SQLite, MSSQL/Sybase, PostgreSQL and MongoDB.
Advantages of Fat-Free-Framework
The code base of F3 is about 65Kb, so it runs very fast, even though it is very light , F3 still has all the features you expect. You can extend the framework as needed using optional plugins. F3 is very easy to get started with. It works right out of the box. No need to use Composer, curl or dependency injection to get started. You can create a Hello World application in minutes. Almost all elements of F3 are modular, so you can use only the parts you need to build your web application. F3 by default does not add code you don’t need, making your application Stay in the most "capable" state. F3’s documentation is also very clear and easy to understand, with a large number of example demonstrations. The Fat-Free framework offers a choice of template engines: you can use PHP, F3's own template engine, or other template engines such as Smarty or Twig. F3 developers are generally active on Slack and the Fat-Free Framework Google Group.Seven: Which PHP framework is best for beginners?
For beginners, it is best to choose frameworks that are simpler and more suitable for Chinese people in the starting stage, such as the ThinkPHP framework.
So which PHP framework is your favorite and why? Let us know in the comments below!
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