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Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial 基于PHP的cURL快速入門

基于PHP的cURL快速入門

Jun 06, 2016 pm 03:35 PM

cURL快速入門,PHP

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2010全國兩會各大網(wǎng)站專題設(shè)計(jì)對比點(diǎn)評???

基于PHP的cURL快速入門?cURL?是一個利用URL語法規(guī)定來傳輸文件和數(shù)據(jù)的工具,支持很多協(xié)議,如HTTP、FTP、TELNET等。最爽的是,PHP也支持?cURL?庫。本文將介紹?cURL?的一些高級特性,以及在PHP中如何運(yùn)用它。

為什么要用?cURL??

是的,我們可以通過其他辦法獲取網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容。大多數(shù)時候,我因?yàn)橄胪祽?,都直接用簡單的PHP函數(shù):

$content?=?file_get_contents("http://m.miracleart.cn") ?

//?or?

$lines?=?file("http://m.miracleart.cn") ?

//?or?

readfile(http://m.miracleart.cn)

不過,這種做法缺乏靈活性和有效的錯誤處理。而且,你也不能用它完成一些高難度任務(wù)——比如處理coockies、驗(yàn)證、表單提交、文件上傳等等。?cURL?是一種功能強(qiáng)大的庫,支持很多不同的協(xié)議、選項(xiàng),能提供?URL?請求相關(guān)的各種細(xì)節(jié)信息。

基本結(jié)構(gòu)

在學(xué)習(xí)更為復(fù)雜的功能之前,先來看一下在PHP中建立cURL請求的基本步驟:?

1.?

2.?

3.?

4.?初始化?設(shè)置變量?執(zhí)行并獲取結(jié)果?釋放cURL句柄

//?1. 初始化

$ch?=?curl_init() ?

//?2. 設(shè)置選項(xiàng),包括URL?

curl_setopt($ch,?CURLOPT_URL,?"http://m.miracleart.cn") ?

curl_setopt($ch,?CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,?1) ?

curl_setopt($ch,?CURLOPT_HEADER,?0) ?

//?3. 執(zhí)行并獲取HTML文檔內(nèi)容

$output?=?curl_exec($ch) ?

//?4. 釋放curl句柄

curl_close($ch)

第二步(也就是?curl_setopt()?)最為重要,一切玄妙均在此。有一長串cURL參數(shù)可供設(shè)置,它們能指定URL請求的各個細(xì)節(jié)。要一次性全部看完并理解可 能比較困難,所以今天我們只試一下那些更常用也更有用的選項(xiàng)。

檢查錯誤

你可以加一段檢查錯誤的語句(雖然這并不是必需的):

//?...?

$output?=?curl_exec($ch) ?

if?($output?===?FALSE)?{?

echo?"cURL?Error:?"?.?curl_error($ch) ?

}?

//?...

請注意,比較的時候我們用的是“===FALSE”,而非“==FALSE”。因?yàn)槲覀兊脜^(qū)分 空輸出 和 布爾值FALSE,后者才是真正的錯誤。 獲取信息

這是另一個可選的設(shè)置項(xiàng),能夠在cURL執(zhí)行后獲取這一請求的有關(guān)信息:

//?...?

curl_exec($ch) ?

$info?=?curl_getinfo($ch) ?

echo?'獲取'.?$info['url']?.?'耗時'.?$info['total_time']?.?'秒' ?

//?...

返回的數(shù)組中包括了以下信息:

“url”?//資源網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址

“content_type”?//內(nèi)容編碼

l “http_code”?//HTTP狀態(tài)碼 l l

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