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- Migrating data between different MySQL versions or servers
- TomovedatabetweenMySQLversionsorservers,useappropriatemethodswhileaddressingversiondifferences,charactersets,andtransfertechniques.1.Forbasictransfers,utilizemysqldumpwithproperoptionslike--single-transactionand--default-character-settoensureconsiste
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 719 2025-07-03 01:14:20
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- Optimizing JOIN operations in complex MySQL queries
- TooptimizeMySQLJOINoperations,firstchoosetheappropriateJOINtype—INNERJOINformatchingrows,LEFTJOINorRIGHTJOINonlywhenneeded,andavoidCROSSJOINunlessnecessary.Second,indextheJOINcolumnsproperly,usingcompositeindexeswhereapplicable,andensuredatatypesmatc
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 319 2025-07-03 01:11:11
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- Troubleshooting MySQL connection refused errors
- MySQL connectionrefused errors are usually caused by the service not running, the port is blocked, the firewall restriction, or the connection address is wrong. 1. First, confirm whether the MySQL service is running normally. You can check through systemctlstatusmysql or psaux|grepmysqld. If it is not started, execute the systemctlstartmysql startup service and check the log for abnormalities. 2. Check whether port 3306 is listening, use the netstat-tuln or ss-tuln command to verify, and if it is not listening, check the bind-address configuration in my.cnf. 3. Check whether the firewall or security group releases the port.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 210 2025-07-03 00:58:30
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- Implementing MySQL high availability solutions (clustering, etc.)
- ToimplementMySQLhighavailability,chooseaclusteringsolutionlikeMySQLInnoDBCluster,configurequorum-basedfailoverwithroutinglayers,defineclearfailoverrules,ensureapplicationresilience,monitorreplicationlagandnodehealth,usetoolslikePrometheusformonitorin
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 858 2025-07-02 16:48:20
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- Analyzing MySQL slow query log for performance bottlenecks
- MySQL slow query log is used to locate database performance bottlenecks. By checking and turning on slow query logs (slow_query_log=1), setting the log file path and query time threshold (long_query_time), recording the execution time-consuming SQL. When analyzing the content of the log, you need to pay attention to information such as query time, number of scanned rows, and number of returned rows. Common problems include the lack of indexes that lead to full table scanning, unnecessary sorting or grouping, and unreasonable association queries. The optimization suggestions are: 1. Use EXPLAIN to analyze the execution plan and add appropriate indexes; 2. Ensure that the sorted fields have indexes and avoid depth paging; 3. Ensure that the connected fields are indexed and simplify the JOIN logic. You can use mysqldumpslow
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 519 2025-07-02 16:46:31
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- Configuring MySQL for optimal disk I/O performance
- MySQL disk I/O performance optimization can be achieved by adjusting storage engine configuration, log policy, operating system settings and data management. 1. Use InnoDB and reasonably configure innodb_buffer_pool_size (set to 50% to 80% of physical memory), and enable innodb_file_per_table and innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT. 2. Adjust the log policy, increase innodb_log_file_size and set innodb_flushlog_at_trx_commit to 0 or 2 according to consistency requirements. 3. Use XFS/ext4 file system at the operating system level.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 355 2025-07-02 16:18:14
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- Understanding MySQL binlog formats (STATEMENT, ROW, MIXED)
- MySQL binlog has three formats: STATEMENT, ROW and MIXED. STATEMENT records SQL statements with the advantage of small logs and strong readability, but may lead to inconsistency between master and slaves; ROW records specific changes in each line to ensure consistency, but the logs are large and poor readability; MIXED automatically switches both, taking into account performance and accuracy, but there is still a potential risk of replication exceptions. The binlog format can be viewed and set through commands or configuration files. When selecting, consistency and performance should be weighed according to business needs.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 756 2025-07-02 16:15:11
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- Analyzing MySQL EXPLAIN plan output for query tuning
- To understand how MySQL executes queries, first use the EXPLAIN tool to analyze the query plan. 1. Priority is given to view the type column, and its value reflects the access efficiency of the table. For example, system/const is the best and ALL is the worst, so it should be avoided as much as possible; 2. Pay attention to the prompts in the Extra column, such as Usingfilesort and Usingtemporary represent sorting or temporary table problems, and the index or query structure needs to be optimized; 3. Combine rows and filtered columns to evaluate query efficiency. If rows are large and filtered small, it means that the filtering efficiency is low, and the index or condition order needs to be improved; 4. Optimize query performance by creating composite indexes, splitting complex queries, and using more accurate conditions in advance.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 627 2025-07-02 16:14:11
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- Understanding InnoDB transaction isolation levels in MySQL
- InnoDB's transaction isolation level balances consistency and performance by controlling transaction concurrency behavior. 1. The isolation level determines the degree of visible data modification between transactions, preventing dirty reading, non-repeatable reading and phantom reading problems; 2. The four levels are ReadUncommitted (almost not used), ReadCommitted (performance priority), RepeatableRead (default level) and Serializable (high consistency requirements), each preventing different types of concurrency problems; 3. The isolation level at the global or session level can be set through the SET command, and it is recommended to configure it explicitly in the connection pool or ORM; 4. Notes include: the default RR is not necessarily suitable for all scenarios, and the pro-key under RR
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 486 2025-07-02 16:09:50
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- Implementing SSL/TLS encryption for MySQL connections
- The MySQL connection enables SSL/TLS encryption to prevent data from being eavesdropped or tampered during transmission and ensures the security of communication between the client and the server. 1. First, confirm whether the MySQL version supports SSL, and check it through the SHOWVARIABLESLIKE'have_ssl' command. If you return NO, you need to install the OpenSSL component or use a distribution version that supports SSL; 2. Prepare the CA certificate, server certificate and private key files, you can build your own CA and generate related files. The test environment can use a self-signed certificate. It is recommended to use a trusted CA to issue it in the production environment; 3. Specify the ssl-ca, ssl-cert and ssl-key paths in the MySQL configuration file, and restart MySQL
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 281 2025-07-02 16:02:21
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- Implementing partitioning in large MySQL tables
- PartitioningimprovesMySQLperformanceforlargetablesbysplittingthemintosmallerparts.Itworksbestfortime-baseddatawithsubsetqueries,maintenance-heavyoperations,orwhenavoidingapplicationchanges.UseRANGEpartitioningfordate-baseddata,HASH/KEYforevendistribu
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 561 2025-07-02 15:54:20
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- Optimizing MySQL query performance with indexes
- The core reason why indexing can improve the speed of MySQL query is that it avoids full table scanning through a directory structure, thereby quickly locates data pages. 1. Indexes reduce data scanning like directories, especially for WHERE, JOIN, and ORDERBY operations; 2. Not all scenarios are applicable. Too many indexes will take up space, reduce write speed, and may mislead the optimizer; 3. Determine whether you need to add an index, you can view the type (ref/range/const as hit), key (displaying index) and rows in the execution plan through the EXPLAIN command; 4. Scenarios that often need to add an index include WHERE conditional column, JOIN connection column, ORDERBY and GROUP
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 637 2025-07-02 15:35:31
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- Handling large BLOB/TEXT data efficiently in MySQL
- MySQL is prone to encounter performance bottlenecks when processing large-capacity BLOB and TEXT data, and requires a variety of optimization strategies. 1. Avoid frequent query of large fields, only specify field name query when needed or split large fields into separate tables and associate with foreign keys. 2. Choose the appropriate field type according to actual needs, such as TINYTEXT, MEDIUMTEXT or VARCHAR, and avoid blindly using the maximum capacity type. 3. Pay attention to the performance impact of temporary tables and sorting, avoid sorting or grouping large fields, use overwrite index or summary fields instead, and adjust memory parameters appropriately. 4. Use compression and external storage appropriately, enable InnoDB line compression to save space or store large files in the file system, and the database only saves paths.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 828 2025-07-02 15:30:50
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- Using stored procedures and functions in MySQL
- The main difference between stored procedures and functions is their purpose and call method. 1. A stored procedure can have multiple input and output parameters, which are called using CALL, which is suitable for performing complex operations and returning multiple result sets; 2. The function must return a value, and the parameters can only be input types, which are usually used for calculations in a query. To create stored procedures, you need to use the DELIMITER separator, which contains input, output parameters and process body logic, such as obtaining a name through the user ID; while to create a function, you need to specify the return type, and there cannot be output parameters, such as determining whether the user exists. When using it, you need to pay attention to issues such as permissions, debugging difficulties, version compatibility and performance optimization. Rational use can improve code reuse rate and system maintainability.
- Mysql Tutorial . Database 865 2025-07-02 15:30:21
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