There are three main ways to set environment variables in PHP: 1. Global configuration through php.ini; 2. Passed through a web server (such as SetEnv of Apache or fastcgi_param of Nginx); 3. Use putenv() function in PHP scripts. Among them, php.ini is suitable for global and infrequently changing configurations, web server configuration is suitable for scenarios that need to be isolated, and putenv() is suitable for temporary variables. Persistence policies include configuration files (such as php.ini or web server configuration), .env files are loaded with dotenv library, and dynamic injection of variables in CI/CD processes. Security management sensitive information should be avoided hard-coded, and it is recommended to use.en

Laravel's configuration cache improves performance by merging all configuration files into a single cache file. Enabling configuration cache in a production environment can reduce I/O operations and file parsing on each request, thereby speeding up configuration loading; 1. It should be enabled when the application is deployed, the configuration is stable and no frequent changes are required; 2. After enabling, modify the configuration, you need to re-run phpartisanconfig:cache to take effect; 3. Avoid using dynamic logic or closures that depend on runtime conditions in the configuration file; 4. When troubleshooting problems, you should first clear the cache, check the .env variables and re-cache.

To enable PHP containers to support automatic construction, the core lies in configuring the continuous integration (CI) process. 1. Use Dockerfile to define the PHP environment, including basic image, extension installation, dependency management and permission settings; 2. Configure CI/CD tools such as GitLabCI, and define the build, test and deployment stages through the .gitlab-ci.yml file to achieve automatic construction, testing and deployment; 3. Integrate test frameworks such as PHPUnit to ensure that tests are automatically run after code changes; 4. Use automated deployment strategies such as Kubernetes to define deployment configuration through the deployment.yaml file; 5. Optimize Dockerfile and adopt multi-stage construction

User permission management is the core mechanism for realizing product monetization in PHP development. It separates users, roles and permissions through a role-based access control (RBAC) model to achieve flexible permission allocation and management. The specific steps include: 1. Design three tables of users, roles, and permissions and two intermediate tables of user_roles and role_permissions; 2. Implement permission checking methods in the code such as $user->can('edit_post'); 3. Use cache to improve performance; 4. Use permission control to realize product function layering and differentiated services, thereby supporting membership system and pricing strategies; 5. Avoid the permission granularity is too coarse or too fine, and use "investment"

Laravel's EloquentScopes is a tool that encapsulates common query logic, divided into local scope and global scope. 1. The local scope is defined with a method starting with scope and needs to be called explicitly, such as Post::published(); 2. The global scope is automatically applied to all queries, often used for soft deletion or multi-tenant systems, and the Scope interface needs to be implemented and registered in the model; 3. The scope can be equipped with parameters, such as filtering articles by year or month, and corresponding parameters are passed in when calling; 4. Pay attention to naming specifications, chain calls, temporary disabling and combination expansion when using to improve code clarity and reusability.

Createahelpers.phpfileinapp/HelperswithcustomfunctionslikeformatPrice,isActiveRoute,andisAdmin.2.Addthefiletothe"files"sectionofcomposer.jsonunderautoload.3.Runcomposerdump-autoloadtomakethefunctionsgloballyavailable.4.Usethehelperfunctions

Select logging method: In the early stage, you can use the built-in error_log() for PHP. After the project is expanded, be sure to switch to mature libraries such as Monolog, support multiple handlers and log levels, and ensure that the log contains timestamps, levels, file line numbers and error details; 2. Design storage structure: A small amount of logs can be stored in files, and if there is a large number of logs, select a database if there is a large number of analysis. Use MySQL/PostgreSQL to structured data. Elasticsearch Kibana is recommended for semi-structured/unstructured. At the same time, it is formulated for backup and regular cleaning strategies; 3. Development and analysis interface: It should have search, filtering, aggregation, and visualization functions. It can be directly integrated into Kibana, or use the PHP framework chart library to develop self-development, focusing on the simplicity and ease of interface.

UseMockeryforcustomdependenciesbysettingexpectationswithshouldReceive().2.UseLaravel’sfake()methodforfacadeslikeMail,Queue,andHttptopreventrealinteractions.3.Replacecontainer-boundserviceswith$this->mock()forcleanersyntax.4.UseHttp::fake()withURLp