How to define and call a function in a Bash script?
The key points of defining and calling functions in Bash scripts are as follows: 1. There are two forms of function definition, and it is recommended to use function_name(){...}; 2. The function must be defined first and then called, and the naming must be legal; 3. When calling, the function name is written directly, the parameters are separated by spaces, and the parameters are obtained through $1, $2, etc.; 4. The function cannot directly return the value, and the result can be passed through echo to capture the output, exit status code or global variables.
Jul 10, 2025 am 11:36 AM
What is the difference between exit and return in a script?
exit is used to terminate the entire script or session, return only exits the function or the called script. exit is used to completely stop scripts or shells, and returns status codes for other programs to check; return is used to return from function or source scripts, and does not affect the execution of the entire script. When using exit, the script completely ends and returns control; when using return, only the current function is exited and the script continues to run. Using exit in an interactive shell closes the session, and return can only be used within a function or source file. Select exit to apply to situations where global termination is required, and select return to apply to scenarios where local exit and return results.
Jul 10, 2025 am 11:31 AM
How to find the IP address and network interface configuration?
1. In Windows, you can use CMD to enter ipconfig or set interface to view the IPv4 address, subnet mask and default gateway; 2. Mac users can use the ifconfig command in the terminal or view TCP/IP information through network preference settings; 3. Under Linux, you can use the ipa or ifconfig command to view the interface configuration, and some systems need to install the net-tools package. Different systems can obtain IP address and network interface information through graphical interfaces or command lines, and can be completed quickly after familiarizing with the operation.
Jul 10, 2025 am 11:30 AM
What is Infrastructure as Code (IaC)?
InfrastructureasCode (IaC) is a method of defining and managing infrastructure through code, which can realize the automated deployment and management of servers, networks, storage and other resources. Its core value lies in improving the repeatability of environmental construction, supporting version control, saving time and cost, and promoting team collaboration. Mainstream tools include Terraform (multi-cloud platform), AWSCloudFormation (specially designed for AWS), Ansible (mainly configuration management), Pulumi (supporting a common programming language), and Chef/Puppet (focusing on server configuration). Getting started with IaC is: selecting platforms and tools, starting with simple resources, and learning to use Gi
Jul 10, 2025 am 11:24 AM
What are some best practices for securing an SSH server?
TosecureanSSHserver,implementstrongauthentication,limitaccess,changedefaultsettings,configurefirewallrules,andkeepthesystemupdated.First,enableSSHkeypairswithpassphrasesanddisablepasswordauthenticationentirelyafteruploadingpublickeystoauthorized_keys
Jul 10, 2025 am 11:23 AM
10 sFTP Command Examples to Transfer Files on Remote Linux
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) was a widely used protocol to transfer files or data remotely in an unencrypted format which is not a secure way to communicate. As we all know that File Transfer Protocol is not at all secure because all transmissions h
Jul 09, 2025 am 09:20 AM
How to Install OwnCloud on Rocky Linux and AlmaLinux
File sharing and collaboration is one of the key functions that users leverage on the Cloud in order to streamline workflows. This enables teams and users to get their projects done in a timely and convenient manner regardless of geographical distanc
Jul 09, 2025 am 09:19 AM
15 Practical Examples of 'echo' command in Linux
The echo command is one of the most commonly and widely used built-in commands for Linux bash and C shells, that typically used in a scripting language and batch files to display a line of text/string on standard output or a file. The syntax for the
Jul 09, 2025 am 09:18 AM
14 Most Used Windows Alternatives for Linux
In many cases, people hesitate to switch from Windows to?Linux?because they fear that they won’t get an appropriate set of programs and apps to perform their day-to-day tasks. Moreover, there is a general perception according to which: [ You might al
Jul 09, 2025 am 09:16 AM
How to Install Fail2ban on Rocky Linux and AlmaLinux
Written in Python, Fail2ban is a free and open-source Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) that protects the server against brute-force attacks. After a specified number of incorrect password attempts, the client’s IP address is banned from accessing th
Jul 09, 2025 am 09:15 AM
How to Install WordPress on Rocky Linux 8
WordPress is a powerful and feature-rich opensource content management system (CMS) that allows users to create powerful and stunningly beautiful websites. It’s written in PHP and powered by MariaDB or MySQL database server at the backend. WordPress
Jul 09, 2025 am 09:14 AM
How to Install LAMP Stack in AlmaLinux 8.4
LAMP is a popular hosting stack used for developing and testing web applications. It’s an acronym for Linux, Apache, MariaDB, & PHP. Apache is an open-source and widely used web server. MariaDB is an open-source relational database server that st
Jul 09, 2025 am 09:11 AM
How to Install Joomla on Rocky Linux and AlmaLinux
Written in PHP, Joomla is a popular CMS (Content Management System) used for creating stunning websites and blogs using themes, and tons of nifty add-ons. It comes second to WordPress as the most popular and widely used Content Management System.Chec
Jul 09, 2025 am 09:10 AM![16 Top Command Examples in Linux [Monitor Linux Processes]](https://img.php.cn/upload/article/001/242/473/175202329537596.png?x-oss-process=image/resize,m_fill,h_135,w_240)
16 Top Command Examples in Linux [Monitor Linux Processes]
In our previous articles, we have discussed the basics of ls command and cat command. In this article, we are going to delve into the top command which is one of the most commonly used commands in our daily system administrative tasks.The top command
Jul 09, 2025 am 09:08 AM
Hot tools Tags
Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free
Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos
AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.
Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover
Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!
Hot Article
Hot Tools
vc9-vc14 (32+64 bit) runtime library collection (link below)
Download the collection of runtime libraries required for phpStudy installation
VC9 32-bit
VC9 32-bit phpstudy integrated installation environment runtime library
PHP programmer toolbox full version
Programmer Toolbox v1.0 PHP Integrated Environment
VC11 32-bit
VC11 32-bit phpstudy integrated installation environment runtime library
SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use
