The key to writing PHP comments is to explain "why" rather than "what to do", unify the team's annotation style, avoid duplicate code comments, and use TODO and FIXME tags reasonably. 1. The annotation should focus on the logical reasons behind the code, such as performance optimization, algorithm selection, etc.; 2. The team needs to unify the annotation specifications, such as //, single-line annotation, function classes use docblock format, and include @author, @since and other tags; 3. Avoid meaningless annotations that only retell the content of the code, and supplement the business meaning; 4. Use TODO and FIXME to mark to do things, and can cooperate with tool tracking to ensure that the annotation and code are updated synchronously and improve project maintenance.
In team collaboration development, PHP annotations are not only supplementary instructions for code, but also an important tool for communication and maintenance. Writing good annotations can improve the readability of the project, reduce the cost of newcomers, and help troubleshoot problems later. The key is to write clearly, practically, and in line with team habits.
1. Write notes not for self-interest, but for explaining "why"
Many people only write comments to "what does this code do", but in fact, it should explain "why do you need to write this way". for example:
// Using recursion instead of looping is to handle data structures at uncertain levels
This comment is much more useful than the following:
// Iterate through each element in the array foreach ($items as $item) {
// ...
}It is recommended to add special comments in the following scenarios:
- Complex logic or algorithm implementation
- Handling of special boundary conditions
- Considerations on performance optimization
- How to bypass certain framework restrictions
2. It is important to unify the comment style of the team
The way different people write comments may vary greatly. If the style is not unified, it will affect the reading experience. Recommend annotation specifications that are agreed upon within the team, such as:
- Single-line comments are used
//, mostly used for internal function descriptions - Use the docblock format of
/** ... */above the function - Classes, methods, and parameters should all have standard descriptions
- You can add tags such as @author or @since (depending on the project's needs)
For example:
/**
* User login verification service class*
* @since 1.0.0
*/
class AuthService {
/**
* Verify that the user credentials are valid*
* @param string $username Username * @param string $password Password * @return bool Login is successful*/
public function login(string $username, string $password): bool {
// ...
}
}3. Don't write comments as "repeat code"
A common misunderstanding is that the comments simply retell the code content without adding any additional information. for example:
// Set username $this->username = $username;
This kind of comment is basically useless unless you are explaining the business significance of this step, such as:
// Convert the username to lower case storage to avoid case sensitive issues $this->username = strtolower($username);
Also, be careful not to disconnect comments from the code. If you modify the code but don't update the comments, it's better not to write them.
4. Use TODO and FIXME to remind to-do items
In teamwork, sometimes you need to leave some temporary marks to remind yourself or others to follow up. Tags in a unified format can be used, such as:
// TODO: Third-party login is required in the future // FIXME: There is a concurrency problem here, and a lock mechanism is required
These markers can be highlighted in the IDE for easy tracking. You can also perform static analysis and inspection with CI/CD tools.
Basically that's it. Writing PHP comments well is not a master skill, but it has a profound impact on team development. The key is to develop habits, pay attention to details, and avoid formalism.
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