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Table of Contents
Get the value of the data attribute
Set and update data properties
Why is dataset recommended instead of getAttribute?
Practical application scenarios
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial How to use custom data html attributes in JavaScript?

How to use custom data html attributes in JavaScript?

Jun 26, 2025 am 12:50 AM

The most common method of manipulating HTML custom data properties in JavaScript is to use the dataset property. Through dataset, data attribute values ??can be easily obtained and set. For example, to obtain the data-product-id and data-in-stock values ??of elements, you can use element.dataset.productId and element.dataset.inStock respectively; at the same time, dataset will automatically convert short horizontal line naming to camel naming. Compared with the getAttribute method, dataset is more concise and intuitive, suitable for structured management of multiple data attributes. Its common application scenarios include front-end component communication, status marking, and server-side rendering parameter transmission and other practical development scenarios.

How to use custom data html attributes in JavaScript?

Manipulating HTML custom data attributes in JavaScript is actually very simple and very practical. The most common scenario is to pass some configuration or state information between HTML and JS through these properties.

How to use custom data html attributes in JavaScript?

Get the value of the data attribute

If you want to get a custom data attribute on an element, the most common method is to use dataset attribute. HTML5 allows us to add attributes starting with data- on elements, such as:

How to use custom data html attributes in JavaScript?
 <div id="product" data-product-id="123" data-in-stock="true"></div>

Then you can access these properties like this:

 const element = document.getElementById(&#39;product&#39;);
console.log(element.dataset.productId); // Output "123"
console.log(element.dataset.inStock); // Output "true"

Note: The short horizontal line (kebab-case) in the property name will be automatically converted into camelCase.

How to use custom data html attributes in JavaScript?

Set and update data properties

You can also dynamically set or modify the value of the data attribute. Use dataset as well:

 element.dataset.productId = "456";
element.dataset.inStock = "false";

This will directly modify the property value on the DOM. If you use the browser developer tool to view this element, you will find that the corresponding data-product-id and data-in-stock values ??have changed.


While you can also use getAttribute(&#39;data-whatever&#39;) to read property values, using dataset is more concise and intuitive, and it automatically handles all data- starting properties. In contrast, getAttribute needs to write the attribute name in full and does not do any format conversion.

For example:

 // Use dataset
console.log(element.dataset.userId); 

// Use getAttribute
console.log(element.getAttribute(&#39;data-user-id&#39;));

Both can get values, but dataset is more suitable for structured management of multiple data properties.


Practical application scenarios

  • Front-end component communication : For example, a button component can be passed in configuration parameters through the data attribute.
  • Status flag : For example, record whether the load has been completed or whether it has been selected.
  • Server-side rendering parameters : Insert data attributes when rendering the page in the backend, and front-end JS can be read and used directly.

For example, the following writing method is very common:

 <button class="load-more" data-page="2" data-loaded="false">Load More</button>

In JS, you can determine whether you need to request the next page content based on these values, or whether it has been loaded.


Basically that's it. Not complicated to use, but it is very useful in actual development, especially when building reusable components.

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