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Table of Contents
Embed content using iframe
Dynamically load HTML fragments with JavaScript
Using Server-side Inclusion (SSI)
Build tools automatically merge HTML
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial How to include one HTML file in another?

How to include one HTML file in another?

Jul 13, 2025 am 02:20 AM

To introduce another HTML file into HTML, there are several ways to do it. First, use iframes to embed content, which is suitable for independent modules but is not conducive to SEO and style adaptation; second, use JavaScript to dynamically load HTML fragments, which are flexible and controllable but limited to cross-domain issues; third, use server-side inclusion (SSI), which is conducive to SEO but requires server configuration; fourth, it is automatic merging of HTML through construction tools, which is suitable for large projects but has high learning costs. Just choose the right method according to your needs.

How to include one HTML file in another?

Sometimes you want to introduce an HTML file into another HTML file, such as reusing the header, bottom, or some common modules. But native HTML does not have the "include" function like server-side languages. However, you can still achieve this requirement in several ways.

How to include one HTML file in another?

Embed content using iframe

The easiest and most direct way is to use the <iframe></iframe> tag. You can embed an HTML file into the current page:

How to include one HTML file in another?
 <iframe src="header.html" width="100%"    style="max-width:90%"></iframe>

This method is suitable for embedded fixed content, such as navigation bars or advertising modules. But the disadvantages are also obvious:

  • There may be problems with page scrolling
  • SEO unfriendly
  • Height and style require additional processing to adapt

So if you just want to quickly display a separate piece of content, you can consider using it, but if you want to reuse structural elements, it is recommended to change to another method.

How to include one HTML file in another?

Dynamically load HTML fragments with JavaScript

If you want to load HTML content more flexibly, you can load asynchronously and insert it into the page using JavaScript:

 <div id="header-placeholder"></div>

<script>
  fetch(&#39;header.html&#39;)
    .then(response => response.text())
    .then(data => {
      document.getElementById(&#39;header-placeholder&#39;).innerHTML = data;
    });
</script>

The benefits of this approach are:

  • You can use the template engine to make more complex logic
  • The loading process is controllable (such as adding loading status)
  • No dependency on server configuration

But it should be noted that if the website is not deployed on the server (such as opening local files directly), fetch() may fail due to cross-domain restrictions.


Using Server-side Inclusion (SSI)

If you have a server environment, such as Apache or Nginx, you can enable SSI (Server Side Includes) function. This way you can write code similar to the following in the HTML file:

 <!--#include virtual="header.html" -->

The premise is that the server supports and SSI is enabled. The configurations of different servers are slightly different, but once configured, they can be used like PHP's include() .

The advantages are obvious:

  • Fast loading speed, no JS required
  • More SEO-friendly

But the disadvantages are:

  • Requires server permissions
  • Local debugging is inconvenient

Build tools automatically merge HTML

If you are using modern front-end development processes (such as Webpack, Vite, Gulp, etc.), you will usually use template engines (such as Pug, Handlebars, Nunjucks) to implement componentized HTML development.

For example, in Nunjucks you can write this:

 {% include "header.html" %}

These templates are automatically merged into a complete HTML file when built. This method is suitable for teamwork and large projects, but the learning cost is slightly higher, making it not suitable for small projects with only one static page.


In general, each method has applicable scenarios. If it is a local small project, it is more convenient to load dynamically with JS; if you pursue performance and SEO after it is launched, you can use SSI or build tools. Basically, just choose the right one.

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